Kusetshenziswa indlela eku-Microsoft Excel

I-Microsoft Excel akuyona nje umhleli wespredishithi, kepha futhi iyisicelo esinamandla sokubalwa okuhlukahlukene. Okokugcina, leli thuba livele labonga ngemisebenzi eyakhelwe ngaphakathi. Ngosizo lweminye imisebenzi (opharetha), ungacacisa nemibandela yokubala, ebizwa ngokuthi yizindlela zokubala. Masifunde ngemininingwane eminingi ukuthi ungazisebenzisa kanjani lapho usebenza e-Excel.

Izindlela Zokusebenzisa

Izindlela zokuziphatha yizimo lapho uhlelo lwenza khona ezinye izinto. Zisetshenziswa emisebenzini eminingana eyakhelwe ngaphakathi. Igama labo livame ukuqukethe inkulumo UMA. Kuleli qembu labasebenzi, okokuqala, kubalulekile ukufaka uphawu I-COUNTING, I-COUNTIMO, ISILAMU, SUMMESLIMN. Ngokungeziwe ku-opharetha owakhelwe ngaphakathi, imibandela ku-Excel nayo isetshenziselwa ukufometha okunemibandela. Cabanga ukusetshenziswa kwazo lapho kusebenza namathuluzi ahlukahlukene ale processor yetafula ngemininingwane engaphezulu.

I-COUNTING

Umsebenzi oyinhloko we-opharetha I-COUNTINGokuyiqembu lezibalo ukubalwa kokuhlalwa ngamanani ahlukahlukene amaseli anelisa isimo esithile esinikeziwe. I-syntax yayo imi ngolu hlobo:

= COUNTIF (ibanga; inqubomgomo)

Njengoba ukwazi ukubona, lo opharetha unezimpikiswano ezimbili. "Ububanzi" imele ikheli leqoqo lezakhi ezisekeshini ongabala kuzo.

"Indawo yokuhlala" - lokhu kungukuphikisana okubeka isimo sokuthi yini ngempela amaseli endawo ecacisiwe okufanele aqukethe ukuze ifakwe ekubalweni. Njengopharamitha, isisho esiyinombolo, umbhalo, noma isixhumanisi esitokisini lapho kuqukethwe khona imininingwane singasetshenziswa. Kulokhu, ukukhombisa inqubomgomo, ungasebenzisa izinhlamvu ezilandelayo: "<" (kancane), ">" (ngaphezulu), "=" (okulinganayo), "" (alilingani) Isibonelo, uma ucacisa isisho "<50", khona-ke kuphela izakhi ezichazwe yingxabano ezizonakwa lapho kubalwa "Ububanzi", lapho amanani amanani angaphansi kuka-50. Ukusetshenziswa kwalezi zibonakaliso ukukhombisa amapharamitha kuzosebenza kuzo zonke ezinye izindlela, okuzoxoxwa ngakho kulesi sifundo esingezansi.

Manje ake sibheke isibonelo esikhonkolo sendlela esebenza ngayo lo opharetha.

Ngakho-ke, kunethebula lapho kwethulwa khona imali evela ezitolo ezinhlanu ngesonto. Sidinga ukuthola inani lezinsuku zalesi sikhathi ku-Store 2 imali ethengiswayo edlula ngayo ama-ruble ayi-15,000.

1. Khetha into eshidi lapho opharetha ezokhipha umphumela wesibalo. Ngemuva kwalokho chofoza isithonjana "Faka umsebenzi".



2. Ukuqala Umsebenzi Wizards. Siqhubekela ebhlokini "Izibalo". Lapho sithola futhi siqokomisa igama "COUNTIF". Bese uchofoza inkinobho. "Kulungile".



3. Iwindi lokuphikisana lesitatimende esingenhla liyasebenza. Ensimini "Ububanzi" Kuyadingeka ukukhombisa indawo yamaseli phakathi kwalokhu izibalo ezizokwenziwa. Esimweni sethu, kufanele sigcizelele okuqukethwe umugqa "Thenga 2", lapho amanani entengo etholakala khona ngosuku. Sibeka isikhombisi enkombeni echaziwe futhi, sibambe inkinobho yegundane kwesobunxele, khetha uhlu oluhambisanayo etafuleni. Ikheli le-array ekhethiwe iboniswa ewindini.

   Ensimini elandelayo "Indawo yokuhlala" nje kudingeka usethe ipharamitha yokukhetha ngokushesha. Esimweni sethu, sidinga ukubala kuphela lezo zinto zethebula lapho inani lidlula khona i-15000. Ngakho-ke, sisebenzisa ikhibhodi, sishayela isichasiselo singene endimeni ebekiwe ">15000".

   Ngemuva kokuthi konke ukwenzelwa ngenhla kwenziwe, chofoza inkinobho "Kulungile".



4. Uhlelo lubala futhi lubonise umphumela kuzinto zeshidi ezikhethiwe ngaphambi kokuqalisa Umsebenzi Wizards. Njengoba ubona, kuleli cala, umphumela ulingana no-5. Lokhu kusho ukuthi kuhlu olukhethiwe kumaseli amahlanu kunamanani angaphezu kwe-15 000. Lokho kungasho ukuthi eSitolo 2 ezinsukwini ezinhlanu kweziyisikhombisa ezihlaziyiwe, imali edlula ama-ruble ayi-15,000.

Isifundo: I-Excel Feature Wizard

I-COUNTIMO

Umsebenzi olandelayo osebenza nenqubo yile I-COUNTIMO. Iphinde ibe ngeqembu lezibalo labasebenza. Umsebenzi I-COUNTIMO ibala amaseli ngendlela efanayo ecacisa isethi ethile yezimo. Kuyiqiniso ukuthi awukwazi ukucacisa hhayi eyodwa, kepha amapharamitha amaningana, futhi uhlukanise lo opharetha kweyokuqala eyedlule. I-syntax imi kanje:

= COUNTIME (isimo_range1; isimo1; isimo_range2; isimo2; ...)

"Ububanzi besimo" kufana nempikiswano yokuqala yesitatimende esedlule. Lokho wukuthi, kusixhumanisi sendawo lapho kuzobalwa khona amaseli okwanelisa imibandela ebekiwe. Lo opharetha ukuvumela ukuthi ucacele izindawo eziningi ngasikhathi sinye.

"Isimo" imele isikhombimsebenzisi esinquma ukuthi iziphi izinto ezivela ekuhlelweni kwedatha okuhambisanayo ezizobalwa futhi ezingeke. Indawo ngayinye yedatha enikeziwe kumele icaciswe ngokuhlukile, noma ngabe ifana. Kubalulekile ukuthi wonke uhlu lwamakhamera asetshenzisiwe njengezindawo zesimo babe nenani elifanayo lemigqa namakholomu.

Ukuze usethe imingcele eminingana yendawo yedatha efanayo, ngokwesibonelo, ukubala inani lamaseli lapho amanani akhulu khona kunenombolo ethile, kodwa ngaphansi kwenombolo, kufanele kuthathwe njengokuphikisana "Ububanzi besimo" chaza uhlu olufanayo kaningana. Kepha ngasikhathi sinye, njengezimpikiswano ezifanele "Isimo" kumele kukhonjiswe izindlela ezahlukahlukene.

Kusetshenziswa isibonelo setafula elifanayo ngemali engenayo yokuthengisa eviki yonke, ake sibone ukuthi lisebenza kanjani. Sidinga ukuthola inani lezinsuku zeviki lapho imali engenayo kuzo zonke izitolo ezithengiswayo efinyelela kuzo ibekiwe. Amanani entela angenhla:

• Isitolo 1 - 14,000 ruble;
• Isitolo 2 - ruble ezingama-15,000;
• Thenga ama-ruble ama-3 - ama-ruble angama-24,000;
• Isitolo 4 - ama-ruble ayi-11,000;
• Thenga ama-ruble ayi-5 - 32,000.

1. Ukuze ufeze lo msebenzi ongenhla, khetha ucezu lwekhasi lokusebenza ngesikhombisi, lapho umphumela wokulungiswa kwedatha uzovezwa I-COUNTIMO. Chofoza isithonjana "Faka umsebenzi".



2. Iya ku Isici Wizardhambisa ibhulokhi futhi "Izibalo". Uhlu kufanele luthole igama I-COUNTIMO bese uyikhetha. Ngemuva kokwenza isenzo esibekiwe, udinga ukucindezela inkinobho "Kulungile".



3. Ngemuva kokubulawa kwe-algorithm engenhla yezenzo, iwindi lokuphikisana liyavula I-COUNTIMO.

   Ensimini "Isimo Range 1 faka ikheli lomugqa lapho kutholakala khona idatha ku-Isitolo 1 semali engenayo yeviki. Ukuze wenze lokhu, beka ikhesa ensimini bese ukhetha umugqa ohambelana etafuleni. Izixhumanisi ziboniswa efasiteleni.

   Ukucabanga ukuthi ngeSitolo 1 isilinganiso sengeniso yansuku zonke ama-ruble ayi-14,000, bese enkampini "Isimo 1" bhala isisho ">14000".

   Emasimini "Ububanzi besimo 2 (3,4,5)" izixhumanisi zemigqa ngengeniso yamasonto onke yeSitolo 2, Isitolo 3, Isitolo 4 neSitolo 5, ngokulandelana, kufanele zifakwe. Isenzo senziwa ngokufana kwe-algorithm efanayo nengxabano yokuqala yaleli qembu.

   Emasimini "Isimo 2", "Isimo 3", "Isimo4" futhi "Isimo5" sifaka amanani ngokufanele ">15000", ">24000", ">11000" futhi ">32000". Njengoba ungaqagela, la manani ahambelana nesikhathi sokukhokha semali esidlula okujwayelekile esitolo esihambisanayo.

   Ngemuva kokuthi ufake yonke imininingwane edingekayo (amasimu ayi-10), chofoza inkinobho "Kulungile".



4. Uhlelo lubala futhi lubonise umphumela esikrinini. Njengoba ukwazi ukubona, ilingana nenombolo 3. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ezinsukwini ezintathu kusukela ngeviki elihlaziyiwe imali etholakala kuzitolo zonke yedlula inani ebelibekelwe.

Manje ake siwushintshe umsebenzi. Kufanele sibale inani lezinsuku lapho uShop 1 athola imali engenayo ngaphezulu kwama-ruble ayi-14,000, kodwa ngaphansi kwama-ruble angama-17,000.

1. Sibeka isikhombisi kuzinto lapho kuzokhiqizwa khona umphumela ekhasini lokubala lemiphumela. Chofoza isithonjana "Faka umsebenzi" ngaphezulu kwendawo yokusebenza kweshidi.



2. Njengoba sisanda kufaka ifomula I-COUNTIMO, manje akudingeki uye eqenjini "Izibalo" Umsebenzi Wizards. Igama lale opharetha litholakala esigabeni "I-10 Isetshenziswe kamuva". Khetha bese uchofoza inkinobho. "Kulungile".



3. Iwindi lokuphikisana lomuntu ophathwayo liyavula. I-COUNTIMO. Faka ikhesa endle "Isimo Range 1 futhi, ephethe inkinobho yegundane kwesobunxele, khetha wonke amaseli aqukethe imali ngezinsuku zeSitolo 1. Zitholakala kulayini, obizwa ngokuthi "Thenga 1". Ngemuva kwalokho, izixhumanisi zendawo echaziwe zizoboniswa ewindini.

   Okulandelayo, setha ikhesa enkundleni "Isimo 1". Lapha sidinga ukukhombisa umkhawulo ophansi wamanani kumaseli azobamba iqhaza ekubalweni. Cacisa isisho ">14000".

   Ensimini "Isimo Range 2" faka ikheli elifanayo nangendlela efanayo efakiwe enkambu "Isimo Range 1, okungukuthi, futhi singena ngokuxhumanisa kwamaseli ngamanani wemali wokukhishwa kokuqala.

   Ensimini "Isimo 2" khombisa umkhawulo ophezulu wokukhethwa: "<17000".

   Ngemuva kokuthi zonke izenzo ezichaziwe zenziwe, chofoza inkinobho "Kulungile".



4. Uhlelo lunikeza umphumela wokubala. Njengoba ubona, inani lokugcina liyi-5. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ezinsukwini ezi-5 kwezingu-7 ezifundwe, imali ethengwayo esitolo sokuqala ibisuka ku-14,000 kuya ku-17,000 ruble.

ISILAMU

Omunye u-opharetha osebenzisa izindlela ISILAMU. Ngokungafani nemisebenzi yangaphambilini, ingeyokuvinjwa kwezibalo kwabaqhubi. Umsebenzi wawo ukufingqa idatha kumaseli ahambelana nesimo esithile. I-syntax imi kanje:

= SUMMES (ububanzi; inqubomgomo; [sum_range])

Ukuxabana "Ububanzi" ikhombisa indawo yamaseli ezohlolwa ukuthi ahambisana nalesi simo. Eqinisweni, isethwe yisimiso esifanayo nesiqubulo somsebenzi segama elifanayo I-COUNTING.

"Indawo yokuhlala" - kungukuphikisana okudingakalayo okucacisa ukukhethwa kwamaseli endaweni yendawo ecacisiwe ukuthi angezwe. Izimiso zokucacisa ziyafana nezimpikiswano ezifanayo zabasebenza ngaphambili, esizihlolile ngenhla.

"Ububanzi be-Summation" Le yingxabano ongayikhetha. Kubonisa indawo ethize yohlu lapho kuzokwenziwa khona i-DRM. Uma uyikhipha futhi ungayichazi, khona-ke ngokuzenzakalelayo kubhekwa ukuthi ilingana nenani lempikiswano edingekayo "Ububanzi".

Manje, njengenjwayelo, cabanga ukusetshenziswa kwalesi sisebenzisi. Ngokususelwa etafuleni elifanayo, sibhekene nomsebenzi wokubala inani lemali eseSitolo 1 sesikhathi esiqala ngoMashi 11, 2017.

1. Khetha iseli ozophuma kulo umphumela. Chofoza isithonjana. "Faka umsebenzi".



2. Iya ku Isici Wizard ebhlokini "Izibalo" thola bese uqokomisa igama ISUMMS. Chofoza inkinobho "Kulungile".



3. Iwindi lokuphikisana ngomsebenzi liyaqala ISILAMU. Inezindima ezintathu ezihambelana nokuphikisana kensiza echaziwe.

   Ensimini "Ububanzi" faka endaweni yetafula lapho kuzobekwa khona amanani wokuhlolwa ukuze ahambisane nemibandela. Kithi, kuzoba yintambo yezinsuku. Faka ikhesa kule nkambu bese ukhetha wonke amaseli aqukethe izinsuku.

   Njengoba sidinga ukufaka imali kuphela kusukela ngoMashi 11, enkundleni "Indawo yokuhlala" shayela inani ">10.03.2017".

   Ensimini "Ububanzi be-Summation" Udinga ukucacisa indawo okuzofinyezwa ngamanani ayo ahlangabezana nezindlela ezibekiwe. Esimweni sethu, lawa amanani emali engenayo "Isitolo1". Khetha uhlu oluhambisanayo lwezinto zeshidi.

   Ngemuva kokuthi yonke imininingwane echaziwe ifakiwe, chofoza inkinobho "Kulungile".



4. Ngemuva kwalokho, umphumela wokucutshungulwa kwedatha ngumsebenzi uzokhonjiswa entweni ebekade icacisiwe yephepha lokusebenza. ISILAMU. Esimweni sethu, ilingana ne-47921.53. Lokhu kusho ukuthi kusukela ngoMashi 11, 2017, kuze kube kuphela isikhathi sokuhlaziywa, imali isiyonke yakwa-Shop 1 ifinyelela kuma-ruble angama-47,921.53.

SUMMESLIMN

Siphothula ukufundwa kwama-opharetha asebenzisa inqubo, sigxile emisebenzini SUMMESLIMN. Inhloso yalomsebenzi wezibalo ukufingqa amanani ezindawo ezikhonjisiwe zethebula, ezikhethiwe ngokuya ngamapharamitha ambalwa. I-syntax yesisebenzisi esichaziwe imi ngalendlela elandelayo:

= SUMMER (sum_range; condition_range1; state1; state_range2; condition2; ...)

"Ububanzi be-Summation" - lokhu ngukuphikisana, okuyikheli le-array lapho kuzokwengezwa khona amaseli ahlangabezana nenqubo ethile.

"Ububanzi besimo" - impikiswano, okuluhlu lwemininingwane, oluhlolwe ukuthi luhambisana nalesi simo;

"Isimo" - impikiswano emele inqubo yokukhetha yokwengeza.

Lo msebenzi usho ukusebenza ngezinsizakalo eziningana zabasebenza ngokufanayo ngasikhathi sinye.

Ake sibheke ukuthi lo opharetha usebenza kanjani ekuxazululeni izinkinga kumongo wethebula lethu lemali yokuthengisa kumasitolo okuthengisa. Sizodinga ukubala imali elethwe yi-Shop 1 ngaleso sikhathi kusuka ngoMashi 9 kuya ku-Mashi 13, 2017. Kulokhu, lapho kufingqa imali engenayo, kuphela lezo zinsuku okufanele zibhekwe, lapho imali idlule khona ama-ruble ayi-14,000.

1. Futhi, khetha iseli ukubonisa isamba bese uqhafaza isithonjana "Faka umsebenzi".



2. In Umsebenzi wizadiOkokuqala, sidlulela kwibhlokhi "Izibalo", futhi lapho sikhetha into ebizwa ngokuthi SUMMESLIMN. Chofoza inkinobho. "Kulungile".



3. Iwindi lokuphikisana ko-opharetha liqalisiwe, igama elikhonjiswe ngaphezulu.

   Setha isikhombisi esigangeni "Ububanzi be-Summation". Ngokungafani nezimpikiswano ezilandelayo, lena yohlobo nayo ikhomba ezinhlwini zamanani lapho idatha efinyelela imibandela ebekiwe izofingiswa. Bese ukhetha indawo yomugqa "Isitolo1", lapho kutholakala khona amanani entengo wokuphuma okuhambisanayo.

   Ngemuva kokuthi ikheli liboniswe efasiteleni, iya ensimini "Isimo Range 1. Lapha sizodinga ukubonisa izixhumanisi zezintambo ngezinsuku. Shaya inkinobho yegundane kwesobunxele bese ukhetha zonke izinsuku etafuleni.

   Faka ikhesa endle "Isimo 1". Isimo sokuqala ukuthi sizofingqa imininingwane engakafiki uMashi 09. Ngakho-ke, faka inani ">08.03.2017".

   Siqhubekela kwengxabano "Isimo Range 2". Lapha udinga ukufaka izixhumanisi ezifanayo ezabhalwa emkhakheni "Isimo Range 1. Lokhu sikwenza ngendlela efanayo, okungukuthi, ngokugqamisa umugqa ngezinsuku.

   Setha isikhombisi esigangeni "Isimo 2". Isimo sesibili ukuthi izinsuku izinsuku ezizobe zengezwe ngazo zizengezwa akumele zibe ngaphambi kuka-Mashi 13. Ngakho-ke, sibhala le nkulumo elandelayo: "<14.03.2017".

   Iya ensimini "Isimo Range 2". Kulokhu, sidinga ukukhetha uhlu olufanayo olifakwe ikheli lakhe njengoluhlu lwe-DRM.

   Ngemuva kokuthi ikheli le-array elichaziwe liboniswe efasiteleni, iya ensimini "Isimo 3". Ngokubheka ukuthi amanani kuphela inani lawo elidlula ama-ruble ayi-14,000 azobamba iqhaza ku-DRM, senza ukungena kwesimo esilandelayo: ">14000".

   Ngemuva kokuqeda isenzo sokugcina, chofoza inkinobho "Kulungile".



4. Uhlelo lukhombisa umphumela ephepheni. Ilingana ne-62491,38. Lokhu kusho ukuthi esikhathini esisuka kuMashi 9 kuya ku-Mashi 13, 2017, inani lemali lapho lingezwa ngezinsuku lapho lidlula khona ama-ruble ayi-14,000 lifinyelela kuma-ruble angama-62 491.38.

Ukufomatha okunemibandela

Ithuluzi lokugcina esilichazile, lapho lisebenza nemigomo, ukufomatha okunemibandela. Yenza uhlobo olucacisiwe lwamaseli wokufometha ahlangabezana nemibandela ebekiwe. Bheka isibonelo sokusebenza ngokufometha okunemibandela.

Sikhetha lawo maseli etafuleni ngombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, lapho amanani nsuku zonke edlula ama-ruble ayi-14,000.

1. Sikhetha uhlu lwezakhi eziningi etafuleni, elibonisa imali ezitolo ngosuku.



2. Hambisa kuthebhu "Ikhaya". Chofoza isithonjana Ukufomatha okunemibandelaibekwe ebhlokini Izitayela ekhasethini. Uhlu lwezenzo luyavula. Chofoza kuso isikhundla "Dala umthetho ...".



3. Iwindi lokukhiqiza umthetho wokufometha licushiwe. Endaweni yokukhethwa yohlobo lomthetho, khetha igama "Fometha amaseli aqukethe kuphela". Emkhakheni wokuqala webhulokhi yesimo, ukusuka kuhlu lokukhethwa kukho okungenzeka, khetha "Inani leseli". Ensimini elandelayo, khetha isikhundla Okuningi. Okokugcina - chaza inani uqobo, ngaphezu kwalokho ofuna ukufometha ngalo izinto zethebula. Sine-14000. Ukukhetha uhlobo lokufometha, chofoza inkinobho "Ifomathi ...".



4. Iwindi lokufomatha liyasebenza. Hambisa kuthebhu "Gcwalisa". Ezinketho ezihlongozwayo zemibala yokugcwalisa, khetha okuhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngokuchofoza ngakwesobunxele kuyo. Ngemuva kokuthi umbala okhethiwe ukhonjiswe endaweni Isampulachofoza inkinobho "Kulungile".



5. Iwindi lokwakhela umthetho wokuphehla libuyela ngokuzenzakalelayo. Kuwo futhi enkundleni Isampula umbala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka uyaboniswa. Lapha sidinga ukwenza isenzo esisodwa: chofoza inkinobho "Kulungile".



6. Ngemuva kwesenzo sokugcina, wonke amaseli amalungu afanayo akhethiwe, aqukethe inani elikhulu kune-14000, azogcwaliswa ngombala ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka.

Imininingwane engaphezulu ngamakhono wokufometha okunemibandela kuxoxwa ngayo engxenyeni ehlukile.

Isifundo: Ukufomatha okunemibandela ku-Excel

Njengoba ukwazi ukubona, usebenzisa amathuluzi asebenzisa inqubo emsebenzini wawo, i-Excel ingaxazulula izinkinga ezahlukahlukene. Lokhu kungaba, njengoba kubalwa amanani namanani, nokufometha, kanye nokwenza eminye imisebenzi eminingi. Amathuluzi amakhulu asebenza kulolu hlelo ngezinqubo, okungukuthi, ngaphansi kwemibandela ethile lapho lesi senzo senziwa khona, isethi yemisebenzi eyakhelwe ngaphakathi, kanye nokufomatha okunemibandela.