Dala ifayela le-XML

Ifomethi ye-XML yakhelwe ukugcina idatha engase ibe wusizo ekusebenzeni kwezinhlelo ezithile, amasayithi, nokusekelwa kwezilimi ezithile eziyizimbumbulu. Ukudala nokuvula ifayela elinale fomethi akunzima. Lokhu kungenziwa noma ngabe kungekho software ekhethekile efakiwe kukhompyutha.

Kancane ngeXML

I-XML ngokwayo ingulimi lwe-markup, ngandlela-thile ifana ne-HTML esetshenziswa amakhasi e-web. Kepha uma lokhu kokugcina kusetshenziselwa kuphela ukuphuma kwemininingwane nokukhishwa kwayo okuyikho, i-XML iyakuvumela ukuba ihlelwe ngendlela ethile, okwenza lolu limi lube yinto efana ne-analogue yedatha engadingi i-DBMS.

Ungadala amafayela we-XML ngosizo lwezinhlelo ezikhethekile noma ngesihleli sombhalo esakhelwe ku-Windows. Ukusebenziseka kalula kwekhodi yokubhala kanye nezinga lokusebenza kwalo kuya ngohlobo lwesoftware esetshenzisiwe.

Indlela yoku-1: Studio ebonakalayo

Esikhundleni salokho, isihleli sekhodi seMicrosoft singasebenzisa noma ikuphi okuphikisana nabanye kusuka kunjiniyela. Eqinisweni, i-Visual Studio inguqulo ethuthukisiwe evamile Incwajana. Ikhodi manje inokugqamisa okukhethekile, amaphutha ayaqokonyiswa noma alungiswe ngokuzenzakalela, futhi izifanekiso ezikhethekile sezivele zilayishiwe ohlelweni olungenza lula ukwakhiwa kwamafayela amakhulu we-XML.

Ukuze uqalise, udinga ukudala ifayili. Chofoza entweni Ifayela kuphaneli ephezulu nakwimenyu yokudonsela phansi khetha "Dala ...". Uhlu luzovula lapho into ikhonjisiwe. Ifayela.

Ifayela elisungulwe kabusha selizoba nomugqa wokuqala ngokufaka ikhodi nenguqulo. Uhlobo lokuqala nokufaka ikhodi kubhaliswe ngokuzenzakalelayo Utf-8ongashintsha noma nini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukudala ifayela le-XML eligcwele ngokuphelele, udinga ukubhala phansi konke obekuyimiyalo eyedlule.

Uma usuqedile, khetha futhi kupaneli ephezulu Ifayela, nokuyilapho kusuka kumenyu eyehlayo Gcina Konke.

Indlela 2: Microsoft Excel

Ungakha ifayela le-XML ngaphandle kwekhodi yokubhala, isibonelo, usebenzisa izinguqulo zesimanje zeMicrosoft Excel, ekuvumela ukuthi ugcine amatafula ngaleli sandiso. Kodwa-ke, udinga ukuqonda ukuthi kulokhu, ukudala okuthile okusebenzayo kunethebula elijwayelekile kuzokwehluleka.

Le ndlela ilungele kakhulu labo abangafuni noma abakwazi ukusebenza ngekhodi. Kodwa-ke, kulokhu, umsebenzisi angahlangabezana nezinkinga ezithile lapho ebhala kabusha ifayili ngefomethi ye-XML. Ngeshwa, ukusebenza kokuguqula ithebula elijwayelekile kwi-XML kungenzeka kuphela enguqulweni yakamuva ye-MS Excel. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa imiyalelo elandelayo yesinyathelo-ngasinye:

1. Gcwalisa ithebula ngokuqukethwe okuthile.
2. Chofoza inkinobho Ifayelakumenyu ephezulu.



3. Kuzovulwa iwindi elikhethekile lapho kudingeka uchofoze khona "Gcina Njengo ...". Le nto ingatholakala kumenyu engakwesokunxele.



4. Cacisa ifolda lapho ufuna ukugcina khona ifayela. Ifolda ikhonjiswa engxenyeni eyi-screen.



5. Manje udinga ukucacisa igama lefayela, futhi esigabeni Uhlobo lwefayela khetha kumenyu yokudonsela phansi
   Idatha ye-XML.
6. Chofoza inkinobho "Gcina".

Indlela 3: Incwajana

Ngokusebenza neXML, noma kujwayelekile Incwajana, kodwa-ke, kunzima kumsebenzisi ongayazi i-syntax yolimi, ngoba imiyalo ehlukahlukene nemaki kumele kubhalwe kuyo. Inqubo izoba lula futhi ikhiqize kakhulu ezinhlelweni ezikhethekile zekhodi yokuhlela, isibonelo, kuMicrosoft Visual Studio. Zinezimpawu ezikhethekile zokugqamisa ithegi namathuluzi, okwenza lula umsebenzi womuntu omusha kusi-syntax salolu limi.

Asikho isidingo sokulanda noma yini yale ndlela, ngoba isivele ihlanganiswe ohlelweni olusebenzayo Incwajana. Ake sizame ukwenza itafula le-XML elilula kulo ngokusho kwalo myalelo:

1. Dala umbhalo ongacacile ngesandiso Txt. Ungayibeka noma kuphi. Ngivule.



2. Qala ukubhala amaqembu okuqala kuwo. Okokuqala udinga ukucacisa ukufakwa kwikhodi kulo lonke ifayela bese ucacisa inguqulo ye-XML, lokhu kwenziwa ngomyalo olandelayo:

   Inani lokuqala inguqulo, akudingekile ukuyishintsha, futhi inani lesibili ukufakwa kokubhaliwe. Kunconywa ukufakwa ekhodini Utf-8, njengoba izinhlelo eziningi nabaphathi basebenza nazo ngendlela efanele. Kodwa-ke, ingashintshwa iye kunoma yikuphi okunye ngokubhala igama olifunayo.



3. Dala umkhombandlela wokuqala kufayela lakho ngokubhala umakifuthi uyivale ngaleyondlela.
4. Ngaphakathi kule thegi, manje usungabhala okuqukethwe. Dala umakifuthi umnikeze noma yiliphi igama, ngokwesibonelo, "Ivan Ivanov." Isakhiwo esiqediwe kufanele sibe kanjena:

5. Ithegi engaphakathiManje usungabeka eminye imingcele enemininingwane, kulokhu, imininingwane mayelana ne-Ivan Ivanov ethile. Masibhale iminyaka yakhe nesikhundla sakhe. Kuzobukeka kanjena:

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Kuliqiniso

6. Uma ulandele imiyalo, khona-ke kufanele uthole ikhodi efanayo naleyo engezansi. Uma usuqedile, kumenyu ephezulu, thola Ifayela futhi kwimenyu eyehlayo khetha "Gcina Njengo ...". Lapho ulondolozela inkambu "Igama lefayela" ngemuva kwephuzu kufanele kube khona ukunwetshwa hhayi Txt, futhi I-XML.

Okufana nalokhu kufanele kubukeke njengomphumela wakho ophelile:





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Kuliqiniso



Abahlanganisi be-XML kufanele bacubungule le khodi ngendlela yetafula elinekholamu eyodwa, equkethe idatha mayelana ne-Ivan Ivanov ethile.

In Incwajana kungenzeka ukwenza amatafula alula kanjena, kepha uma kudalwa ukuhlelwa kwedatha okuyisibalo, ubunzima kungaqhamuka, ngoba ngokujwayelekile Incwajana Ayikho imisebenzi yokulungisa amaphutha kukhodi noma ukuwagqamisa.

Njengoba ukwazi ukubona, akukho lutho oluyinkimbinkimbi ekwakheni ifayela le-XML. Uma ifiswa, ingadalwa yinoma imuphi umsebenzisi owazi ukuthi kufanele asebenze kanjani kwikhompyutha. Kodwa-ke, ukudala ifayela le-XML eligcwele, kunconyelwa ukutadisha lolu limi lwe-markup, okungenani ngokwezinga lokuqala.