Amathebula e-Excel pivot anikezela ithuba lokuthi abasebenzisi baqoqe inani lemininingwane ebalulekile equkethwe kumatafula amakhulu endaweni eyodwa, nokukhiqiza imibiko eyinkimbinkimbi. Ngasikhathi sinye, amanani amatafula we-pivot avuselelwa ngokuzenzakalela lapho inani lanoma iyiphi ithebula elihlotshaniswa nabo lishintsha. Ake sithole ukuthi ungakhela kanjani itafula le-pivot ku-Microsoft Excel.
Ukwakha itafula le-pivot ngendlela ejwayelekile
Noma, sizocubungula inqubo yokwakha itafula le-pivot usebenzisa isibonelo seMicrosoft Excel 2010, kepha le algorithm iyasebenza nakwezinye izinhlobo zesimanje zalolu hlelo lokusebenza.
Ngokwesisekelo, sithatha itafula lokukhokha iholo kubasebenzi bebhizinisi. Kubonisa amagama abasebenzi, ubulili, isigaba, usuku lokukhokha nenani lokukhokha. Okusho ukuthi, isiqephu ngasinye sokukhokha umsebenzi ngamunye sinomugqa ohlukile etafuleni. Kufanele sihlanganise idatha etholakala ngokungahleliwe kuleli thebula kutafula elilodwa le-pivot. Ngasikhathi sinye, imininingwane izothathwa kuphela ngekota yesithathu yonyaka we-2016. Ake sibheke ukuthi ungakwenza kanjani lokhu ngesibonelo esithile.
Okokuqala, siguqula itafula lasekuqaleni libe elinamandla. Lokhu kuyadingeka ukuze esimeni sokungeza imigqa nenye idatha, zidonswa ngokuzenzakalelayo etafuleni le-pivot. Ukuze wenze lokhu, yiba isikhombisi kunoma yisiphi iseli etafuleni. Ngemuva kwalokho, kubhulokhi "Izitayela" ezitholakala ku-riboni, chofoza inkinobho ethi "Fometha njengethebula". Khetha noma isiphi isitayela sethebula osithandayo.
Okulandelayo, kuvulwa ibhokisi lengxoxo, elisishukumisela ukuba sisho izixhumanisi zendawo yetafula. Kodwa-ke, ngokuzenzakalelayo, izixhumanisi ezihlinzekwa uhlelo seluvele zimboze itafula lonke. Ngakho-ke singavuma kuphela, bese uchofoza inkinobho ethi "Kulungile". Kepha, abasebenzisi kufanele bazi ukuthi, uma befisa, bangashintsha amapharamitha wokumboza wethebula lapha.
Emva kwalokho, itafula liphenduka libe namandla, futhi linwebeke ngokuzenzakalelayo. Uthola negama, okuthi uma lifisa, umsebenzisi angashintsha alisebenzise kunoma yikuphi okulungele yena. Ungabuka noma uguqule igama lethebula kuthebhu "Design".
Ukuze uqale ngqo ukudala itafula le-pivot, iya kuthebhu ethi "Faka". Njengoba sesidlulile, sichofoza inkinobho yokuqala kubambo, olubizwa ngokuthi "Ithebula lePivot". Ngemuva kwalokho, kuvuleka imenyu lapho kufanele ukhethe khona esizokwakha, itafula noma ishadi. Chofoza inkinobho ethi "Pivot meza".
Kuvulwa iwindi lapho kudingeka futhi sikhethe ibanga, noma igama lethebula. Njengoba ukwazi ukubona, uhlelo uqobo lwalo luye lwaphakamisa igama lethebula lethu, ngakho-ke akukho okunye engingakwenza lapha. Ngezansi kwebhokisi lengxoxo, ungakhetha indawo lapho kuzokwakhelwa khona itafula le-pivot: eshidini elisha (ngokuzenzakalela), noma ekhasini linye. Vele, ezimweni eziningi, kulula kakhulu ukusebenzisa itafula le-pivot eshidini elihlukile. Kepha, lokhu sekuyindaba yomuntu ngamunye yomsebenzisi, okuncike kokuthandayo nakwimisebenzi yakhe. Sivele sichofoze inkinobho ethi "Kulungile".
Ngemuva kwalokho, ifomu lokwakha itafula le-pivot livula ekhasini elisha.
Njengoba ubona, engxenyeni engakwesokudla yewindows kukhona uhlu lwezindawo zamatafula, futhi ngezansi kunezindawo ezine:
- Amagama womugqa;
- Amagama ekholamu;
- Amanani
- Bika Isihlungi
Mane nje uhudule bese uphonsa izinkambu zethebula esilidingayo ezindaweni ezihambelana nezidingo zethu. Awukho umthetho ocacile osunguliwe wokuthi yiziphi izinkambu okufanele zihanjiswe, ngoba konke kuncike etafuleni lomthombo, nasemisebenzini ethile engaguquka.
Ngakho-ke, kuleli cala elithile, sithuthele izinkambu ze- "Gender" ne- "Date" zaya endaweni ethi "Bika Hlunga", insimu ethi "Umuntu" yaya endaweni "yamagama weKholomu", inkambu yegama elithi "Igama" yaya endaweni ethi "String igama", inkambu ethi "Inani" iholo "endaweni" Yezindinganiso ". Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi zonke izibalo ze-arithmetic zedatha edonswe kwelinye ithebula zinokwenzeka kuphela endaweni yokugcina. Njengoba ubona, ngenkathi sisenza lo mbhalo ngokudluliswa kwamasimu endaweni, itafula uqobo engxenyeni engakwesobunxele yewindows lashintsha kanjalo.
Umphumela uba ithebula lesifingqo. Ukuhlunga ngokobulili nosuku kuboniswa ngaphezulu kwetafula.
Ukusethwa kwetafula le-Pivot
Kodwa, njengoba sikhumbula, kuphela idatha yekota yesithathu okufanele ihlale etafuleni. Okwamanje, idatha yesikhathi sonke iyaboniswa. Ukuze ulethe itafula kwifomu esilidingayo, chofoza inkinobho eseduze kwesihlungi se- "Date". Ewindini elivelayo, hlola ibhokisi eliseduze nombhalo "Khetha izinto eziningi." Okulandelayo, ungakhethi zonke izinsuku ezingahambelani nesikhathi sekota yesithathu. Kithina, lolu usuku olulodwa. Chofoza inkinobho ethi "Kulungile".
Ngendlela efanayo, singasebenzisa okokuhlunga ngokobulili, bese ukhetha, ngokwesibonelo, indoda eyodwa kuphela ngombiko.
Ngemuva kwalokho, itafula le-pivot lathola leli fomu.
Ukukhombisa ukuthi ungaphatha imininingwane etafuleni njengoba uthanda, phinda uvule ifomu lohlu lwensimu. Ukuze wenze lokhu, iya kuthebhu "Yamapharamitha", bese uchofoza inkinobho ethi "Uhlu Lensimu". Ngemuva kwalokho, sihambisa insimu "Yosuku" ukusuka endaweni ye- "Report Filter" iya endaweni ye- "String Name", naphakathi kwezinkambu "Isigaba sabasebenzi" kanye ne "Ubulili", sishintshana ngezindawo. Yonke imisebenzi yenziwa kusetshenziswa ukudonsa okulula nokudonsa.
Manje, itafula linokubukeka okuhluke ngokuphelele. Amakholamu ahlukaniswe ngokobulili, ukuwohloka kwanyanga zonke kuvela emigqeni, futhi manje usungahlunga itafula ngesigaba sabasebenzi.
Uma uhambisa igama lomugqa ohlwini lwezinkambu bese ubeka idethi ephakeme kunegama, khona-ke izinsuku zokukhokha zizohlukaniswa ngamagama abasebenzi.
Futhi, ungabonisa amanani ezinombolo etafula njenge-histogram. Ukuze wenze lokhu, khetha iseli ngenani lezinombolo etafuleni, iya kuthebhu ethi "Ikhaya", chofoza inkinobho "Yokufometha okunemibandela", uye entweni ethi "I-histogram", bese ukhetha uhlobo lwe-histogram olithandayo.
Njengoba ukwazi ukubona, i-histogram ivela kuseli elilodwa kuphela. Ukuze usebenzise umthetho we-histogram wawo wonke amaseli etafula, chofoza inkinobho ebivele eduze kwe-histogram, futhi ewindini elivulayo, faka inkinobho yesikhundla "Kuwo wonke amaseli".
Manje, ithebula lethu le-pivot selibukeka.
Dala i-PivotTable usebenzisa i-PivotTable Wizard
Ungakha itafula le-pivot ngokusebenzisa i-PivotTable Wizard. Kepha, kulokhu udinga ukuletha ngokushesha leli thuluzi kubha yamathuluzi yokufinyelela esheshayo. Iya kwinto yemenyu ethi "Ifayela", bese uchofoza inkinobho "Izinketho".
Ewindini elivulayo, iya engxenyeni ethi "Ukufinyelela Amathuluzi okusheshayo". Sikhetha amaqembu emaqenjini ngetheyipu. Uhlu lwezinto esizifunayo "I-PivotTable neChart Wizard". Yikhethe, chofoza inkinobho "engeza", bese ubheka inkinobho ethi "Kulungile" ekhoneni elingezansi kwesokudla kwewindi.
Njengoba ukwazi ukubona, ngemuva kwezenzo zethu, kwavela isithonjana esisha kubha yamathuluzi esheshayo. Qhafaza kuwo.
Ngemuva kwalokho, kuvulwa iwizadi yetafula le-pivot. Njengoba ubona, sinezinketho ezine zomthombo wedatha, lapho kuzokwakhelwa khona itafula le-pivot:
- ohlwini noma database iMicrosoft Excel;
- emthonjeni wedatha yangaphandle (elinye ifayela);
- ngezigaba eziningana zokuhlanganiswa;
- kwelinye itafula le-pivot noma ishadi le-pivot.
Ngezansi kufanele ukhethe ukuthi sizokwakha ini, itafula le-pivot noma ishadi. Senza ukukhetha bese sichofoza inkinobho "elandelayo".
Ngemuva kwalokho, kuvela iwindi elinobubanzi betafula nedatha, ongayishintsha uma ifiswa, kepha asidingi ukwenza lokhu. Vele uchofoze inkinobho ethi "Okulandelayo".
Ngemuva kwalokho, i-PivotTable Wizard ikukhuthaza ukuthi ukhethe indawo lapho itafula elisha lizobekwa khona ekhasini linye noma kwelinye elisha. Senza ukukhetha, bese sichofoza inkinobho ethi "Qeda".
Ngemuva kwalokho, ishidi elisha livula ngefomu elifanayo elivulwe ngendlela evamile yokwakha itafula le-pivot. Ngakho-ke, ukuhlala kukho ngokwehlukile akunangqondo.
Zonke ezinye izinto ezenziwa zenziwa kusetshenziswa i-algorithm efanayo njengoba kuchaziwe ngenhla.
Njengoba ukwazi ukubona, ungakha itafula le-pivot ku-Microsoft Excel ngezindlela ezimbili: ngendlela ejwayelekile ngokusebenzisa inkinobho kubhali, nokusebenzisa i-PivotTable Wizard. Indlela yesibili inikeza ezinye izinto ezengeziwe, kepha ezimweni eziningi, ukusebenza kokukhethwa kokuqala kwanele ukuqeda imisebenzi. Amathebula we-Pivot angakhiqiza idatha emibikweni ngokuya cishe nganoma yiziphi izindlela ezichazwe ngumsebenzisi kuzilungiselelo.
