Isikhathi eside, uhlobo oluphambili lwefirmware ye-motherboard esetshenzisiwe yi-BIOS - Basic Minaokoku /Oukusetshenziswa Suhlelo. Ngokuqala kwezinguqulo ezintsha zezinhlelo ezisebenzayo emakethe, abakhiqizi kancane kancane bathuthela enguqulweni entsha - i-UEFI, ezimele Uukungafani Ekuyabonakala Fanginandaba Minanterface, enikeza izinketho eziningi zokucushwa kanye nokusebenza kwebhodi. Namuhla sifuna ukukwazisa ngezindlela zokuthola uhlobo lwe "firmware" yebhodi lomama elisetshenziswa kukhompyutha.
Ungathola kanjani ukuthi iBIOS noma i-UEFI ifakiwe
Okokuqala, amagama ambalwa mayelana nomehluko phakathi kokukhetha nokukodwa. I-UEFI inguqulo ekhiqiza futhi yesimanje yokulawulwa kwe-firmware - singasho ukuthi le yi-OS encane kakhulu enesimo sokuqhafaza esikuvumela ukuthi ulungiselele ikhompyutha yakho noma kungekho hard drive ebhodini. I-BIOS ayisasebenzi, ayiguquki iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-30 ikhona, futhi namuhla ibangela ukuphazamiseka okuningi kunokuhle.
Kungenzeka ukwazi ukubona uhlobo lwesoftware esetshenziswa ngaphambi kokulayisha ikhompyutha ohlelweni, noma ngokusebenzisa i-OS uqobo. Ake siqale ngokugcina, ngoba kulula ukwenza.
Indlela yoku-1: Ukuqinisekiswa Kwamathuluzi Esistimu
Kuzo zonke izinhlelo ezisebenzayo, ngaphandle komndeni, kukhona amathuluzi owakhelwe ngaphakathi ongathola ulwazi ngawo ngohlobo lwefirmware.
IWindows
Ku-Microsoft OS, ungathola ulwazi oludingayo usebenzisa isisetshenziswa se-msinfo32 system.
- Sebenzisa isinqamuleli sekhibhodi Win + r ukushayela ihloka Gijima. Ngemuva kokuyivula, faka igama ebhokisini lombhalo msinfo32 bese uqhafaza KULUNGILE.
- Ithuluzi lizoqala Imininingwane Yesistimu. Skrolela esigabeni esinegama elifanayo usebenzisa imenyu engakwesokunxele.
- Bese unaka uhlangothi olungakwesokudla lwewindi - into esiyidingayo ibizwa "Imodi ye-BIOS". Uma kukhonjisiwe lapho "Yehlisiwe" ("Ifa"), bese lokhu kuyi-BIOS. Uma i-UEFI, khona-ke kulayini ochaziwe izokhonjiswa ngokufanele.
I-Linux
Ezinhlelweni ezisebenzayo ezisuselwa ku-Linux kernel, ungathola imininingwane edingekayo usebenzisa i-ukuphela. Yigijime bese ufaka umyalo wokusesha wefomu elilandelayo:
ls sys / firmware / i-efi
Ngalo myalo sinquma ukuthi ngabe isqondisi lwemibhalo esikwi-sys / firmware / efi sikhona ohlelweni lwefayela le-Linux. Uma ngabe lesi sikhombisi sikhona, i-motherboard isebenzisa i-UEFI. Ngokuvumelana nalokhu, uma lo mkhombandlela ungatholakali, yi-BIOS kuphela ekhona ebhodini lomama.
Njengoba ubona, ukusebenzisa izindlela zohlelo ukuthola ulwazi oludingekayo kulula kakhulu.
Indlela yesi-2: Amathuluzi we-Extrasystem
Ungaqaphela futhi uhlobo lwe-firmware yamabhodi esetshenzisiwe ngaphandle kokulayisha isistimu yokusebenza. Iqiniso ukuthi omunye umehluko obalulekile phakathi kwe-UEFI ne-BIOS ukusetshenziswa kwesibonisi sokuqhafaza, ngakho-ke kuzoba lula ukuya kwimodi yebhuthini yekhompyutha bese unquma "ngamehlo".
- Shintshela kumodi ye-BIOS yedeskithophu yakho noma yelaptop. Kunezindlela eziningi ezinkulu zokwenza lokhu - izinketho ezivame kakhulu zinikezwa ku-athikili kusixhumanisi esingezansi.
Isifundo: Ungayifaka kanjani i-BIOS ekhompyutheni
- I-BIOS isebenzisa imodi yombhalo ngemibala emibili noma emine (imvamisa kakhulu iblue-grey-black, kepha uhlelo lombala oluqondile lincike kumenzi).
- I-UEFI ithathwa njengento elula kumsebenzisi wokugcina, ngakho-ke kuyo sikwazi ukubona izithombe ezigcwele ngokugcwele nokulawula ngokusebenzisa igundane ikakhulu.
Uyacelwa ukuthi uqaphele ukuthi kwezinye izinguqulo ze-UEFI, ungashintsha phakathi kwezindlela zangempela zokuqhafaza nezombhalo, ngakho-ke le ndlela ayithembekile kakhulu, futhi kungcono ukusebenzisa amathuluzi esistimu uma kungenzeka.
Isiphetho
Kulula ukwahlukanisa i-BIOS kusuka ku-UEFI, futhi nokucacisa uhlobo oluthile olusetshenziswa kubhodi ye-PC noma i-laptop.
