I-matrix ye-BCG ingenye yamathuluzi wokuhlaziya aziwa kakhulu ngokuthengisa. Ngosizo lwayo, ungakhetha isu elizuzisa kakhulu lokukhuthaza izimpahla emakethe. Ake sibheke ukuthi iyini i-matrix ye-BCG nokuthi ungayakha kanjani usebenzisa i-Excel.
I-BCG matrix
I-matrix ye-Boston Consulting Group (BKG) iyisisekelo sokuhlaziywa kokuphakanyiswa kwamaqembu ezimpahla, okususelwa esilinganisweni sokukhula kwemakethe kanye nasabelo sabo esigabeni esithile semakethe.
Ngokwecebo le-matrix, yonke imikhiqizo ihlukaniswe izinhlobo ezine:
- "Izinja";
- "Izinkanyezi";
- "Izingane ezinzima";
- "Izinkomo Zodaka".
"Izinja" - Le yimikhiqizo enengxenye encane yemakethe engxenyeni yokukhula ephansi. Njengomthetho, ukuthuthukiswa kwabo kubhekwa njengengalungile. Azivikeli, ukukhiqizwa kwazo kufanele kuncishiswe.
"Izingane ezinzima" - Izimpahla ezithatha isabelo semakethe encane, kepha engxenyeni ekhula ngokushesha. Leli qembu linenye igama - "amahhashi amnyama". Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi banethemba lokuthuthuka okungaba khona, kepha ngasikhathi sinye badinga ukutshalwa kwemali okuqhubekayo ukuze kuthuthukiswe.
"Izinkomo Zodaka" - Lezi yizimpahla ezithatha isabelo esibalulekile semakethe ekhula buthaka. Ziletha imali engenayo eqhubekayo, inkampani engayiqondisa kuyo intuthuko. "Izingane ezinzima" futhi "Izinkanyezi". Bona uqobo "Izinkomo Zodaka" imali ayisafuneki.
"Izinkanyezi" - Leli yiqembu eliphumelela kakhulu elinengxenye ebalulekile emakethe ekhula ngokushesha. Le mikhiqizo isivele ikhiqiza imali ebalulekile, kepha ukutshala imali kuyo kuyothuthukisa le mali.
Umsebenzi we-matrix we-BCG ukuthola ukuthi yiliphi kulawa maqembu amane uhlobo oluthile lomkhiqizo olungabiwa ukuze kufezwe isu lokuthuthuka kwalo.
Ukwakha itafula le-matrix ye-BCG
Manje, ngokuya ngesibonelo esithile, sakha i-matrix ye-BCG.
- Ngenhloso yethu, sithatha izinhlobo ezi-6 zezimpahla. Komunye wabo kuzodingeka ukuqoqa imininingwane ethile. Leli yivolumu yokuthengisa yesikhathi samanje nesangaphambilini sento ngayinye, kanye nevolumu yokuthengisa yabancintisana. Yonke imininingwane eqoqwe ifakiwe etafuleni.
- Ngemuva kwalokho, sidinga ukubala izinga lokukhula kwemakethe. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukuhlukanisa ukuthengiswa kwenkathi yamanje ngenani lokuthengisa lesikhathi esedlule ngegama ngalinye lomkhiqizo.
- Okulandelayo, sibala umkhiqizo ngamunye isabelo semakethe esihlobene. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ukuthengiswa kwenkathi yamanje kufanele kuhlukaniswe ngevolumu yokuthengisa kusuka kuncintisana.
Ishadi
Ngemuva kokuthi itafula ligcwele idatha yokuqala nokubaliwe, ungaqhubeka nokwakha ngqo matrix. Ngalezi zinhloso, ishadi le-bubble lifaneleka kakhulu.
- Hambisa kuthebhu Faka. Eqenjini Amashadi kubambo, chofoza inkinobho "Abanye". Kuluhlu oluvulayo, khetha isikhundla "Bubble".
- Uhlelo luzozama ukwakha ishadi ngokukhetha idatha njengoba ibona ilungile, kodwa kungenzeka ukuthi lo mzamo ungalungile. Ngakho-ke, sizodinga ukusiza uhlelo lokusebenza. Ukuze wenze lokhu, chofoza kwesokudla endaweni yeshadi. Imenyu yokuqukethwe iyavula. Khetha into ekuyo "Khetha idatha".
- Iwindi lokukhethwa komthombo wedatha liyavula. Ensimini "Izici zenganekwane (imigqa)" chofoza inkinobho "Shintsha".
- Kuvulwa iwindi lokushintsha umugqa. Ensimini "Igama lomugqa" faka ikheli eliphelele lenani lokuqala kusuka kukholamu "Igama". Ukuze wenze lokhu, setha ikhesa endle bese ukhetha iseli elihambisanayo eshidini.
Ensimini "Amanani we-X" ngendlela efanayo sifaka ikheli leseli lokuqala lekholamu "Isabelo semakethe esihlobene".
Ensimini "Y Amanani" faka izixhumanisi zeseli lokuqala lekholamu "Ukukhula Kwemakethe".
Ensimini "Amasayizi we-Bubble" faka izixhumanisi zeseli lokuqala lekholamu "Isikhathi samanje".
Ngemuva kokuthi yonke imininingwane engenhla ifakiwe, chofoza inkinobho "Kulungile".
- Senza umsebenzi ofanayo yazo zonke ezinye izimpahla. Lapho uhlu lukulungele ngokuphelele, bese kufasitela lokukhetha imithombo yedatha, chofoza inkinobho "Kulungile".
Ngemuva kwalezi zinyathelo, kuzokwakhiwa ishadi.
Isifundo: Ungawenza kanjani umdwebo e-Excel
Izilungiselelo ze-Axis
Manje sidinga ukukhomba ishadi kahle. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kuzodingeka ulungiselele izembe.
- Iya kuthebhu "Isakhiwo" amaqembu wethebhu "Ukusebenza namashadi". Okulandelayo, chofoza inkinobho Izimpethu bese udabula izinto ngokulandelana "I-eksisi enkulu evundlile" futhi "Izinhlaka ezengeziwe ze-axis enkulu evundlile".
- Iwindi le-axis parameter liyasebenza. Sihlela kabusha ukushintshwa kwawo wonke amanani kusuka esikhundleni "Okuzenzakalelayo" in "Ilungisiwe". Ensimini "Inani elincane" setha inkomba "0,0", "Inani eliphakeme" - "2,0", "Intengo yokwahlukaniswa okukhulu" - "1,0", "Intengo yokuhlukaniswa okuphakathi" - "1,0".
Okulandelayo eqenjini lezilungiselelo "I-axis ethe mpo iyeqa" shintsha inkinobho ukuze ubeke Inani le-Axis futhi endimeni kukhombisa inani "1,0". Chofoza inkinobho Vala.
- Ngemuva kwalokho, ukuba kuthebhu efanayo "Isakhiwo"chofoza inkinobho futhi Izimpethu. Kepha manje sihamba igxathu negxathu "I-eksisi emile mpo" futhi "Amapharamitha angeziwe we-axis eyintloko emi mpo".
- Iwindows izilungiselelo ze-eksisi emile iyavula. Kepha, uma i-eksisi evundlile yonke imingcele esiyifakile ingahlali njalo futhi ingaxhomekeki kudatha yokufaka, khona-ke ku-eksisi yokumetha ezinye zazo kuzofanela zibalwe. Kepha, okokuqala, njengokokugcina, sihlela kabusha ukushintshwa kwesikhundla "Okuzenzakalelayo" esikhundleni "Ilungisiwe".
Ensimini "Inani elincane" setha inkomba "0,0".
Nasi inkomba endle "Inani eliphakeme" kuzofanele sibale. Izolingana nesabelo semakethe esihlobene esiphindwe kabili 2. Lokho wukuthi, esimweni sethu esithile kuzoba njalo "2,18".
Ukuze uthole inani loqhekeko olukhulu sithatha inkomba ephakathi yesabelo semakethe esihlobene. Esimweni sethu, kulingana "1,09".
Kufanele kufakwe inkomba efanayo enkundleni "Intengo yokuhlukaniswa okuphakathi".
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele siguqule ipharamitha eyodwa. Eqenjini lezilungiselelo "I-axis evundlile iwela" hambisa switch uye esikhundleni Inani le-Axis. Ensimini ehambisanayo siphinda sifaka inkomba ephakathi yesabelo semakethe esihlobene, okungukuthi, "1,09". Ngemuva kwalokho chofoza inkinobho Vala.
- Ngemuva kwalokho sisayina izimbazo ze-matrix ye-BCG ngokwemithetho efanayo lapho sisayina izimbazo ngemidwebo evamile. I-axis evundlile izobizwa "Ukwabiwa KweMakethe"futhi mpo - Inani lokukhula.
Isifundo: Ungasayina kanjani ishadi le-axis ku-Excel
Ukuhlaziywa kwe-Matrix
Manje ungahlaziya matrix umphumela. Izimpahla, ngokwesikhundla sazo kusixhumanisi se-matrix, zihlukaniswe ngezigaba ngokulandelayo:
- "Izinja" - ikota ephansi kwesobunxele;
- "Izingane ezinzima" - ikota ephezulu kwesobunxele;
- "Izinkomo Zodaka" - ikota ephansi kwesokudla;
- "Izinkanyezi" - ikota ephezulu kwesokudla.
Ngale ndlela "Umkhiqizo 2" futhi "Umkhiqizo 5" zihlobene Ezinjeni. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ukukhiqizwa kwabo kufanele kuncishiswe.
"Umkhiqizo 1" kubhekiswa ku "Izingane ezinzima" Lo mkhiqizo kumele uthuthukiswe ngokutshala imali kuwo, kepha kuze kube manje awunikezi mali efanele.
"Umkhiqizo 3" futhi "Umkhiqizo 4" kunjalo "Izinkomo Zodaka". Leli qembu lezimpahla alidingi ukutshalwa kwemali okubalulekile, futhi imali evela ekuthengisweni kwayo ingaqondiswa ekuthuthukisweni kwamanye amaqembu.
"Umkhiqizo 6" ngeleqembu "Izinkanyezi". Ivele yenza inzuzo, kepha ukutshalwa kwemali okungeziwe kungandisa inani lemali engenayo.
Njengoba ukwazi ukubona, ukusebenzisa amathuluzi wohlelo lwe-Excel ukwakha i-matrix ye-BCG akunzima kangako njengoba kungabonakala ekuqaleni kokuqala. Kodwa isisekelo sokwakha kufanele kube idatha yomthombo ethembekile.
