Bala i-VAT kuMicrosoft Excel

Enye yezinkomba eziningi ukuthi ama-accountants, izikhulu zentela kanye nosomabhizinisi abazimele kufanele babhekane nayo intela engeziwe. Ngakho-ke, udaba lokubala kwalo, kanye nokubalwa kwezinye izinkomba ezihlobene nakho, kuba lusizo kubo. Lesi sibalo senani leyunithi futhi singenziwa kusetshenziswa umshini wokubala ojwayelekile. Kepha, uma udinga ukubala i-VAT ngamanani amaningi wemali, khona-ke nge-Calculator eyodwa kuzoba nzima kakhulu ukwenza lokhu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umshini wokubala awuhlali kulula ukusebenzisa.

Ngenhlanhla, ku-Excel ungasheshisisa ukubalwa kwemiphumela edingekayo yemininingwane yomthombo ebhalwe kutafula. Ake sibheke ukuthi sikwenza kanjani.

Inqubo yokubala

Ngaphambi kokuqhubeka ngqo sibalo, ake sibheke ukuthi iyiphi inkokhelo yentela ebekiwe. Intela engezwe ivelu intela engaqondile ekhokhwa abathengisi bezimpahla nezinsizakalo ngenani lemikhiqizo ethengisiwe. Kepha abakhokha bangempela ngabathengi, ngoba inani lokukhokha intela selivele lifakiwe ezindlekweni zemikhiqizo noma amasevisi athengiwe.

E-Russian Federation, inani lentela okwamanje lisethelwa ku-18%, kepha nakwamanye amazwe omhlaba angahluka. Ukwenza isibonelo, e-Austria, Great Britain, e-Ukraine naseBelarus, kungama-20%, eJalimane - 19%, eHungary - 27%, eKazakhstan - 12%. Kepha sizosebenzisa inani lentela elifanele iRussia ekubaleni kwethu. Kodwa-ke, ngokushintsha inani lenzalo, ama-algorithms wokubala azonikezwa ngezansi angasetshenziselwa noma yiliphi elinye izwe emhlabeni lapho kusetshenziswa lolu hlobo lwentela.

Kulokhu, ama-accountants, izikhulu zentela kanye nosomabhizinisi ezimweni ezahlukahlukene banemisebenzi ebalulekile elandelayo:

• Ukubalwa kwe-VAT yangempela kusuka kunani ngaphandle kwentela;
• Ukubalwa kwe-VAT kuzindleko lapho intela isivele ifakiwe;
• Ukubalwa kwenani ngaphandle kwe-VAT kusuka kuzindleko lapho intela isivele ifakiwe;
• Ukubalwa kwenani nge-VAT yenani ngaphandle kwentela.

Ukwenza lezi zibalo ku-Excel kuzoqhubeka.

Indlela yoku-1: ukubala i-VAT kusuka kusisekelo sentela

Okokuqala, asithole ukuthi singabala kanjani i-VAT kusuka kusisekelo sentela. Ilula. Ukuze ufeze lo msebenzi, udinga ukwengeza isisekelo sentela ngenani lentela, eliseRussia liyi-18%, noma ngenombolo engu-0.18. Ngakho-ke, sinakho ifomula:

"VAT" = "Base tax" x 18%

Kwa-Excel, ifomula yokubala ithatha indlela elandelayo

= inombolo * 0,18

Ngokwemvelo, ophindaphindayo "Inombolo" kuyinombolo yokubonisa yalesi sisekelo sentela ngokwayo noma ireferensi yeseli lapho kutholakala khona le nkomba. Masizame ukusebenzisa lolu lwazi etafuleni elithile. Siqukethe amakholomu amathathu. Owokuqala uqukethe amanani abekiwe wesisekelo sentela. Elesibili kuzoba amanani afunekayo, okufanele siwabala. Ikholomu yesithathu kuzoba inani lempahla kanye nenani lentela. Njengoba kungekho nzima ukuqagela, kungabalwa ngokungeza idatha yekholamu yokuqala neyesibili.

1. Khetha iseli lokuqala lekholamu nedatha oyifunayo. Sibeka uphawu kuyo "=", bese uqhafaza esitokisini emugqeni ofanayo ukusuka kukholamu "Isisekelo sentela". Njengoba ubona, ikheli layo lifakwa ngokushesha kuzinto lapho sibala khona. Ngemuva kwalokho, esitokisini sokubala, setha uphawu lokuphindaphindeka lwe-Excel (*) Okulandelayo, shayela inani kusuka kukhibhodi "18%" noma "0,18". Ekugcineni, ifomula kulesi sibonelo yathatha indlela elandelayo:

   = A3 * 18%

   Esimweni sakho, kuzoba okufanayo impela ngaphandle kwesamba sokuqala. Esikhundleni salokho "A3" kungahle kube nezinye izixhumanisi, kuya ngokuthi umsebenzisi uthumele kuphi idatha equkethe isisekelo sentela.



2. Ngemuva kwalokho, ukubonisa umphumela ophelile esitokisini, chofoza inkinobho Ngena kwikhibhodi. Izibalo ezidingekayo zizokwenziwa ngokushesha uhlelo.



3. Njengoba ukwazi ukubona, umphumela uboniswa ngezindawo ezine zedesimali. Kodwa, njengoba wazi, imali eyi-ruble ingaba nezindawo ezimbili zamanani kuphela (amapeni). Ngakho-ke, ukuze umphumela wethu ulunge, sidinga ukukala inani ezindaweni ezimbili zedesimali. Lokhu sikwenza ngokufometha amaseli. Ukuze singabuyi kulo mbuzo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, sizofomatha wonke amaseli enzelwe ukubeka amanani ezimali ngasikhathi sinye.

   Khetha ibanga lethebula, elenzelwe ukwamukela amanani wokubala. Qhafaza kwesokudla. Imenyu yokuqukethwe yethulwe. Khetha into ekuyo Uhlobo Lweseli.



4. Ngemuva kwalokho, kwethulwa iwindi lokufometha. Hambisa kuthebhu "Inombolo"uma bekuvulekile kunoma iyiphi enye ithebhu. Ebhulokini lamapharamitha "Amafomethi ezinombolo" setha ukushintshela esimweni "Inombolo". Okulandelayo, hlola ukuthi engxenyeni kwesokudla yewindi enkundleni "Inani lezindawo zamadesimali" kwakukhona isithombe "2". Leli nani kufanele kube lokuzenzakalelayo, kodwa uma kwenzeka, kufanele kulihlole futhi kuliguqule uma ikhona enye inombolo ekhonjisiwe lapho, hhayi 2. Okulandelayo, chofoza inkinobho "Kulungile" phansi kwewindi.

   

   Ungafaka futhi imali esikhundleni sefomethi yenombolo. Kulokhu, izinombolo zizoboniswa nezindawo ezimbili zedesimali. Ukuze wenze lokhu, hlela kabusha switch ku-parameter block "Amafomethi ezinombolo" esikhundleni "Imali". Njengasekuqaleni kwecala, sibheka kakhulu ukuthi enkundleni "Inani lezindawo zamadesimali" kwakukhona isithombe "2". Futhi unake iqiniso lokuthi enkundleni "Igama" isibonakaliso se-ruble sisethiwe, ngaphandle kokuthi, empeleni, uzosebenza nenye imali. Ngemuva kwalokho chofoza inkinobho "Kulungile".



5. Uma usebenzisa inketho usebenzisa ifomethi yenombolo, khona-ke zonke izinombolo ziguqulwa zibe ngamanani anezindawo ezimbili.

   

   Uma usebenzisa ifomethi yemali, ukuguqulwa okufanayo kuzovela, kepha uphawu lwemali olukhethiwe luzongezwa kumanani.



6. Kepha, kuze kube manje sibalile inani lentela elingezwe kunani elilodwa lesisekelo sentela. Manje sidinga ukwenza lokhu kuwo wonke amanye amanani. Vele, ungafaka ifomula ngesifaniso esifanayo njengoba senzile okokuqala, kodwa izibalo ku-Excel zihlukile ekubalweni kwikhodi yokubala evamile yokuthi uhlelo lungasheshisa kakhulu ukwenziwa kwezenzo ezifanayo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kopisha usebenzisa umaka wokugcwalisa.

   Sifaka ikhesa ekhoneni elingezansi kwesokudla kwento eshidi esevele inefomula. Kulokhu, isikhombisi kufanele siguqulwe sibe yisiphambano esincane. Lesi umaki lokugcwalisa. Bamba inkinobho yegundane kwesobunxele uyidonsele phansi impela etafuleni.



7. Njengoba ubona, ngemuva kokwenza lesi senzo, inani elidingekayo lizobalwa kuwo wonke amanani wesisekelo sentela asetafuleni lethu. Ngakho-ke, sabala inkomba yamanani ayisikhombisa wemali ngokushesha okukhulu kunalokho obekungenziwa kwikhawunta noma, ngaphezu kwalokho, ngesandla ephepheni.



8. Manje sizodinga ukubala inani eliphelele kanye nenani lentela. Ukuze wenze lokhu, khetha into yokuqala engenalutho kwikholamu "Inani nge-VAT". Sibeka isibonakaliso "="chofoza kuseli lokuqala lekholamu "Isisekelo sentela"setha isibonakaliso "+"bese uqhafaza kuseli lokuqala lekholamu "VAT". Kithina, la mazwi alandelayo aboniswe kuzinto zokukhipha umphumela:

   = A3 + B3

   Kepha, kunjalo, esimweni ngasinye, amakheli weseli angahluka. Ngakho-ke, lapho wenza umsebenzi ofanayo, uzodinga ukufaka esikhundleni sakho izixhumanisi zezinto ezihambelanayo zeshidi.



9. Ngokuchofoza inkinobho Ngena kukhibhodi ukuthola umphumela wokubala ophelile. Ngakho-ke, inani kanye nentela yenani lokuqala libaliwe.



10. Ukuze kubalwe inani ngenani elingezwe inani nangamanye amanani, sisebenzisa umaki wokugcwalisa, njengoba senzile kale ekubalweni kwangaphambilini.

Ngakho-ke, sibalile amanani adingekayo wamanani ayisikhombisa esisekelo sentela. Kokubalo, lokhu kungathatha isikhathi eside.

Isifundo: Ungashintsha kanjani ifomethi yeseli ku-Excel

Indlela 2: ukubalwa kwentela enanini ne-VAT

Kepha kunezimo lapho kubikwa khona intela lapho kudingeka khona ukubala inani le-VAT kusesilinganisweni lapho le ntela isivele ifakiwe. Lapho-ke ifomula yokubala izobukeka kanjena:

"VAT" = "Inani nge-VAT" / 118% x 18%

Ake sibheke ukuthi lokhu kubalwa kungenziwa kanjani kusetshenziswa amathuluzi e-Excel. Kulolu hlelo, ifomula yokubala izobukeka kanjena:

= inombolo / i-118% * 18%

Njengokuphikisana "Inombolo" ithanda inani elaziwayo yenani lezimpahla kanye nentela.

Isibonelo sokubala sizothatha lonke ithebula elifanayo. Kuphela manje kuzogcwaliswa ikholomu kuyo "Inani nge-VAT", namanani ekholamu "VAT" futhi "Isisekelo sentela" kufanele sibale. Sicabanga ukuthi amaseli etafula asevele efomethwe ngefomethi yemali noma yamanani anezindawo ezimbili zamanani, ngakho-ke ngeke siphinde inqubo le.

1. Sibeka isikhombisi kuseli lokuqala lekholamu ngemininingwane oyifunayo. Sethula ifomula (= inombolo / i-118% * 18%) ngendlela efanayo naleyo esetshenziswe kwindlela edlule. Lokho wukuthi, ngemuva kwesibonakaliso sibeka isixhumanisi esitokisini lapho inani elihambisanayo lenani lezimpahla ngentela likhona, bese singeza isichasiselo esivela kwikhibhodi "/118%*18%" ngaphandle kwezingcaphuno. Kithi, kutholwe irekhodi elilandelayo:

   = C3 / 118% * 18%

   Kwirekhodi elibekiwe, ngokuya ngecala elithile nendawo okuyona idatha yokufaka kwiphepha le-Excel, yireferensi yeseli kuphela engaguqukayo.



2. Ngemuva kwalokho chofoza inkinobho Ngena. Umphumela ubaliwe. Okulandelayo, njengasekuqaleni kwendlela, usebenzisa umaki wokugcwalisa, kopisha ifomula kwamanye amaseli kukholamu. Njengoba ukwazi ukubona, wonke amanani adingekayo abalwa.



3. Manje sidinga ukubala inani ngaphandle kokukhokha intela, okungukuthi, isisekelo sentela. Ngokungafani nendlela yangaphambilini, le nkomba ayibalwa kusetshenziswa okungeziwe, kepha isebenzisa ukususa. Ukuze wenze lokhu, susa inani lentela kwinani eliphelele.

   Ngakho-ke, setha ikhesa kuseli lokuqala lekholamu "Isisekelo sentela". Ngemuva kwesibonakaliso "=" sikhipha idatha kuseli lokuqala lekholamu "Inani nge-VAT" inani elingaphakathi kokuqala kwekholamu "VAT". Esibonelweni sethu sikakhonkolo, sithola le nkulumo elandelayo:

   = C3-B3

   Ukubonisa umphumela, ungakhohlwa ukucindezela ukhiye Ngena.



4. Ngemuva kwalokho, ngendlela ejwayelekile, usebenzisa umaki wokugcwalisa, kopisha isixhumanisi esiya kwezinye izinto kwikholamu.

Umsebenzi ungabhekwa njengowokuxazululwa.

Indlela 3: ukubalwa kwenani lentela kusuka kusisekelo sentela

Kaningi, kuyadingeka ukubala inani kanye nenani lentela, inenani lesisekelo sentela. Ngaso leso sikhathi, akudingekile ukubala usayizi wentela uqobo. Ifomula yokubala ingamelelwa kanjena:

"Inani nge-VAT" = "Isisekelo sentela" + "Isisekelo sentela" x 18%

Ungakwazi ukwenza lula ifomula:

"Inani nge-VAT" = "Isisekelo sentela" x 118%

E-Excel, kuzobukeka kanjena:

= inombolo * 118%

Ukuxabana "Inombolo" yisisekelo sentela.

Isibonelo, ake sithathe itafula elifanayo, kuphela ngaphandle kwekholomu "VAT", ngoba kulokhu kubalwa ngeke kudingeke. Amanani aziwayo azotholakala kukholamu "Isisekelo sentela", kanye nabafisayo kwikholamu "Inani nge-VAT".

1. Khetha iseli lokuqala lekholamu nedatha oyifunayo. Sibeka uphawu lapho "=" kanye nesixhumanisi seseli lokuqala lekholamu "Isisekelo sentela". Ngemuva kwalokho singena isisho ngaphandle kwezingcaphuno "*118%". Esimweni sethu esithile, la mazwi atholakala:

   = A3 * 118%

   Ukubonisa isamba eshidi, chofoza inkinobho Ngena.



2. Ngemuva kwalokho, sisebenzisa umaki wokugcwalisa bese sikopisha ifomula efakwe ngaphambili kulo lonke uhla lwekholamu nezinkomba ezibaliwe.

Ngakho-ke, inani lenani lezimpahla, kufaka phakathi intela, labalwa ngawo wonke amanani.

Indlela 4: ukubalwa kwesisekelo sentela ngenani lentela

Kakhulu kaningi kudingekile ukubala isisekelo sentela kusukela kunani nentela efakiwe kuyo. Noma kunjalo, ukubalwa okunjalo akuyona into engajwayelekile, ngakho-ke sizoyicabangela nayo.

Indlela yokubala isisekelo sentela kusuka kuzindleko, lapho intela isivele ifakiwe, imi ngalendlela elandelayo:

"Base tax" = "Inani nge-VAT" / 118%

E-Excel, le formula izothatha ifomu elilandelayo:

= inombolo / i-118%

Njengokwabelana "Inombolo" inani lentengo yempahla, kufaka phakathi intela.

Okokubala, sisebenzisa itafula elifanayo ncamashi nendlela yangaphambilini, kulokhu kuphela imininingwane eyaziwayo izotholakala kwikholamu "Inani nge-VAT", futhi ibalwe kukholamu "Isisekelo sentela".

1. Sikhetha into yokuqala ikholamu "Isisekelo sentela". Ngemuva kwesibonakaliso "=" sifaka izixhumanisi zeseli lokuqala lenye enye ikholomu lapho. Ngemuva kwalokho singena isisho "/118%". Ukuze wenze ukubala futhi ubonise umphumela kuqapha, chofoza inkinobho Ngena. Ngemuva kwalokho, inani lokuqala ngaphandle kwentela lizobalwa.



2. Ukuze senze izibalo kuzinto ezisele zekholomu, njengakwizimo ezedlule, sisebenzisa umaki wokugcwalisa.

Manje sinetafula lapho izindleko zezimpahla ngaphandle kwentela zibalwa khona ngasikhathi sinye.

Isifundo: Ukusebenza namafomula ku-Excel

Njengoba ubona, ukwazi izisekelo zokubala inani elingeziwe kanye nezinkomba ezihlobene, ukubhekana nomsebenzi wokuzibala ku-Excel kulula kakhulu. Empeleni, i-algorithm yokubala uqobo, eqinisweni, ayihlukile kakhulu kubalo kubalo olujwayelekile. Kepha, ukusebenza kuphrosesa lethebula elicacisiwe kunenzuzo eyodwa engenakuphikwa ngaphezu kwe-Calculator. Kusendaweni yokuthi ukubalwa kwamakhulu amanani ngeke kuthathe isikhathi eside ukwedlula ukubalwa kwenkomba eyodwa. Ku-Excel, ngomzuzu nje owodwa, umsebenzisi uzokwazi ukubala intela kumakhulu ezikhundla esebenzisa ithuluzi eliwusizo njengemaki yokugcwalisa, ngenkathi ukubala inani elifanayo ledatha kwi-Calculator elula kungathatha amahora wesikhathi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ku-Excel, ungalungisa ukubalwa ngokuligcina njengefayela elihlukile.