Ikholomu DRM kuMicrosoft Excel

Kwesinye isikhathi umbuzo wabasebenzisi be-Excel ukuthi ungangeza kanjani isamba semanani wamakholomu ambalwa? Umsebenzi uba nzima ngokwengeziwe uma la makholomu engatholakali kwilungu elilodwa, kodwa ahlukaniswe. Ake sibheke ukuthi singazifingqa kanjani ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene.

Ukuhlanganisa ikholomu

Isilinganiso sekholamu ku-Excel senzeka ngokuya ngemigomo ejwayelekile yokwengeza idatha kulolu hlelo. Vele, le nqubo inezici ezithile, kepha zimane ziyingxenye yephathini elivamile. Njenganoma iyiphi enye i-DRM kule processor yetafula, ukufakwa kwamakholomu kungenziwa kusetshenziswa ifomula elula ye-arithmetic, kusetshenziswa umsebenzi owakhelwe ngaphakathi we-Excel ISUM noma inani lemoto.

Isifundo: Kubalwa inani ku-Excel

Indlela yoku-1: sebenzisa amanani asemotweni

Okokuqala, ake sibheke ukuthi angalinganisa kanjani amakholomu ku-Excel usebenzisa ithuluzi elifana ne-auto-sum.

Isibonelo, thatha itafula elikhombisa imali yansuku zonke yezitolo ezinhlanu ngaphezulu kwezinsuku eziyisikhombisa. Imininingwane yesitolo ngasinye itholakala kwikholomu ehlukile. Umsebenzi wethu kuzoba ukuthola imali ephelele yalezi zinto ezithengiswayo ngalesi sikhathi esingenhla. Ngale njongo, mane udinga ukugoqa amakholomu.

1. Ukuze sithole imali ephelele yezinsuku eziyi-7 esitolo ngasinye, sisebenzisa inani lemoto. Khetha isikhombisi ngenkathi ubambe inkinobho yegundane kwesobunxele kwikholomu "Thenga 1" zonke izinto ezinamanani amanani. Ngemuva kwalokho, ukuhlala kuthebhu "Ikhaya"chofoza inkinobho "I-Autosum"etholakala kubambo eqenjini lezilungiselelo "Ukuhlela".



2. Njengoba ukwazi ukubona, imali isiyonke yezinsuku eziyi-7 yokuphuma kokuqala izokhonjiswa esitokisini ngaphansi kwekholomu yetafula.



3. Senza umsebenzi ofanayo ngokusebenzisa inani lemoto kuwo wonke amanye amakholomu aqukethe idatha engenayo yezitolo.

   Uma kukhona amakholomu amaningi, khona-ke awukwazi ukubala ngawodwana ngamunye wabo. Sizosebenzisa umaki wokugcwalisa ukukopisha ifomula equkethe inani lemali yokuphuma kokuqala kukholamu esele. Khetha into lapho ifomula itholakala khona. Hambisa phezulu ekhoneni elingezansi kwesokudla. Kufanele iguqulwe ibe ngumaka wokugcwalisa, obukeka njengesiphambano. Ngemuva kwalokho sibambe inkinobho yegundane kwesobunxele bese sihudula umaki wokugcwalisa ngokufana negama lekholomu ekugcineni kwetafula.



4. Njengoba ubona, inani lentengo lezinsuku eziyi-7 zokukhishwa ngakunye kubalwa.



5. Manje sizodinga ukuhlanganisa ndawonye imiphumela ephelele etholakele ekuphumeni ngakunye. Lokhu kungenziwa nge-auto-sum efanayo. Senza ukukhetha ngesikhombisi ngenkinobho yegundane yesobunxele sicindezele wonke amaseli lapho inani lomholo lezitolo ngazinye litholakala khona, ngaphezu kwalokho sibamba esinye isitokisi esingenalutho ngakwesokudla sazo. Ngemuva kwalokho sichofoza isithonjana se-auto-sum kuriboni esesivele silijwayele.



6. Njengoba ubona, imali ephelele yazo zonke izitolo ngezinsuku eziyi-7 izokhonjiswa kuleso sisele esingenalutho, esasitholakala ngakwesobunxele setafula.

Indlela 2: sebenzisa ifomula elula yezibalo

Manje ake sibone ukuthi ungafingqa kanjani amakholomu etafula ngokusebenzisa ifomula elula yezibalo yalezi zinhloso. Isibonelo, sizosebenzisa itafula elifanayo elalisetshenziselwa ukuchaza indlela yokuqala.

1. Njengokugcina, okokuqala, sidinga ukubala imali engenayo yezinsuku eziyi-7 ezitolo ngazinye. Kepha lokhu sizokwenza ngendlela ehluke kakhulu. Khetha iseli lokuqala elingenalutho, elibekwe ngaphansi kwekholomu "Thenga 1", bese usetha isibonakaliso lapho "=". Okulandelayo, chofoza kwinto yokuqala yale kholamu. Njengoba ubona, ikheli lakhe likhonjiswa ngokushesha esitokisini senani lelo. Ngemuva kwalokho sibeka uphawu "+" kusuka kukhibhodi. Okulandelayo, chofoza kuseli elilandelayo kwikholamu efanayo. Ngakho-ke, ukushintshanisa izixhumanisi zezakhi zeshidi elinophawu "+", licubungula wonke amaseli kukholamu.

   Esimweni sethu esithile, ifomula elandelayo yatholakala:

   = B2 + B3 + B4 + B5 + B6 + B7 + B8

   Vele, esimweni ngasinye, kungahluka ngokuya ngendawo yetafula eshidi nenani lamaseli kukholamu.



2. Ngemuva kokuthi amakheli wazo zonke izinto zekholomu efakiwe, ukubonisa umphumela wokufingqa imali yezinsuku eziyi-7 lapho kuphuma into yokuqala, chofoza Ngena.



3. Ngemuva kwalokho ungenza inqubo efanayo kwezinye izitolo ezine, kepha kuzoba lula futhi kusheshe ukubala imininingwane kwamanye amakholamu usebenzisa umaki wokugcwalisa ngendlela efanayo njengoba senzile ngendlela eyedlule.



4. Manje sidinga ukuthola inani eliphelele lamakholomu. Ukuze wenze lokhu, khetha noma iyiphi into engenalutho ephepheni esihlela ukubonisa umphumela kulo, bese ufaka uphawu kulo "=". Okulandelayo, singeza ngokuhlukile amaseli lapho kutholakala khona inani lezibalo ezinziwe kithi ngaphambili.

   Sine-formula elandelayo:

   = B9 + C9 + D9 + E9 + F9

   Kepha le formula ibuye ibe umuntu ngamunye ecaleni ngalinye.



5. Ukuthola umphumela ojwayelekile wokungeza amakholomu, chofoza inkinobho Ngena kwikhibhodi.

Akunakwenzeka ukuthi uqaphele ukuthi le ndlela ithatha isikhathi eside futhi idinga umzamo owengeziwe kunalowo owedlule, ngoba kufaka phakathi ukuqhafaza okwenziwe ngesandla kweseli ngalinye elidinga ukugoqwa ukuze kuboniswe inani lemali engenayo. Uma itafula linemigqa eminingi, khona-ke le nqubo ingaba yisidina. Ngasikhathi sinye, le ndlela inenzuzo eyodwa engenakuphikwa: umphumela ungakhonjiswa kunoma yiliphi iseli elingenalutho eshidini elikhethwe ngumsebenzisi. Uma usebenzisa izibalo ezizenzakalelayo, akunakwenzeka lokho.

Ekusebenzeni, lezi zindlela ezimbili zingahlanganiswa. Isibonelo, ukufingqa imiphumela kukholamu ngayinye ngamunye usebenzisa izibalo ezizenzakalelayo, futhi kukhombise inani eliphelele ngokusebenzisa ifomula yokubala esitokisini eseshinini olukhethwe ngumsebenzisi.

Indlela 3: ukusebenzisa umsebenzi weSUM

Ububi bezindlela ezimbili ezedlule bungaqedwa ngokusebenzisa umsebenzi owakhelwe ngaphakathi we-Excel obizwa ISUM. Inhloso yalesi opharetha yisiqu sezinombolo. Kungokwesigaba semisebenzi yezibalo futhi ine-syntax elandelayo elula:

= SUM (inombolo1; inombolo2; ...)

Izimpikiswano, inani lazo ezingafinyelela ku-255, izinombolo ezifingqiwe noma amakheli amaseli lapho akhona.

Ake sibheke ukuthi lo msebenzi we-Excel usetshenziswa kanjani ekusebenzeni, usebenzisa itafula lemali elifanayo kwizitolo ezinhlanu zokuthengisa ngezinsuku eziyi-7 njengesibonelo.

1. Simaka into eshidini lapho kuzobukiswa khona inani lemali engenayo lekholamu lokuqala. Chofoza isithonjana "Faka umsebenzi", etholakala kwesobunxele sebha yefomula.



2. Ukuqalisa kuyaqhubeka Umsebenzi Wizards. Ukuba sesigabeni "Izibalo"ngifuna igama ISUM, ikhethe bese uchofoza inkinobho "Kulungile" phansi kwale windi.



3. Iwindi lokuphikisana ngomsebenzi lisebenza. Kungaba nezinsimu ezifika ku-255 ezinegama "Inombolo". Lezi zinkambu ziqukethe izimpikiswano zomsebenzi. Kepha thina, inkambu eyodwa izokwanela.

   Ensimini "Inombolo1" funa ukubeka izixhumanisi zobubanzi eziqukethe amaseli wekholomu "Thenga 1". Lokhu kwenziwa kalula. Sibeka isikhombisi ebhokisini lewindi lokuphikisana. Okulandelayo, ngokuchofoza inkinobho yegundane kwesobunxele, khetha wonke amaseli kukholamu "Thenga 1"aqukethe amanani ezinombolo. Ikheli lakhonjiswa masinyane ebhokisini lewindi lezimpikiswano ngesimo sezixhumanisi zamalungu afakiwe. Chofoza inkinobho "Kulungile" phansi kwewindi.



4. Inani lezinsuku eziyisikhombisa lesitolo sokuqala lizokhonjiswa ngokushesha kuseli eliqukethe umsebenzi.



5. Ngemuva kwalokho ungenza imisebenzi efanayo nomsebenzi ISUM namakholamu asele etafula, abale kuwo inani lemali yezinsuku eziyisikhombisa ezitolo ezahlukahlukene. I-algorithm yokusebenza izofana ncamashi njengoba kuchaziwe ngenhla.

   Kepha kukhona inketho yokwenza umsebenzi usebenze kakhulu. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa umaki wokugcwalisa ofanayo. Khetha iseli esivele liqukethe umsebenzi ISUM, bese uhudula umaki uhambisana nezinhloko zekholomu ekugcineni kwetafula. Njengoba ukwazi ukubona, kulokhu, umsebenzi ISUM sikopishe ngendlela efanayo njengoba sasihlala sikopisha indlela elula yezibalo.



6. Ngemuva kwalokho, khetha iseli elingenalutho eshidini esihlose ukukhombisa kulo ukubalwa okujwayelekile kwazo zonke izitolo. Njengendlela yangaphambilini, lokhu kungaba yinoma yisiphi isicucu sephepha lamahhala. Ngemuva kwalokho, ngendlela eyaziwayo, siyabiza Isici Wizard bese udlulela ewindini lokuphikisana lomsebenzi ISUM. Kufanele sigcwalise insimu "Inombolo1". Njengasesimweni esedlule, sibeka isikhombisi esigangeni, kepha kulokhu ngenkinobho yegundane yangakwesokunxele sicindezelwe, sikhetha umugqa wesamba semali ezitolo ezizimele. Ngemuva kokuthi ikheli lalolayini ngendlela yokuxhumeka lifakiwe emkhakheni wewindi lokuphikisana, chofoza inkinobho "Kulungile".



7. Njengoba ubona, imali isiyonke yazo zonke izitolo ibonga umsebenzi ISUM kuboniswe esitokisini ebesikhethwe ngaphambilini eshidini.

Kepha kwesinye isikhathi kuba nezimo lapho udinga ukubonisa umphumela ophelele wazo zonke izitolo ngaphandle kokufingqa imiphumela esezingeni eliphakathi kuzitolo ngazinye. Kuyavela ukuthi opharetha ISUM futhi iyakwazi, futhi ukuxazulula le nkinga kulula kakhulu kunokusebenzisa uhlobo lwangaphambilini lwale ndlela.

1. Njengokuhlala kwenzeka, khetha iseli eshidini lapho umphumela wokugcina uzophuma khona. Siyabiza Isici Wizard ngokuchofoza isithonjana "Faka umsebenzi".



2. Iyavula Isici Wizard. Ungahambela esigabeni "Izibalo"kodwa uma usebenzise isitatimende muva nje ISUMnjengoba senzile, ungahlala esigabeni "I-10 Isetshenziswe kamuva" bese ukhetha igama olifunayo. Kufanele kube lapho. Chofoza inkinobho "Kulungile".



3. Iwindi lokuphikisana liqala futhi. Faka ikhesa endle "Inombolo1". Kepha kulokhu, sibamba inkinobho yegundane kwesobunxele bese ukhetha lonke uhlu lwethebula, eliqukethe imali yazo zonke izitolo ezithengisa konke. Ngakho-ke, ikheli lalo lonke uhla lwetafula kufanele lube sensimini. Kithi, inefomu elilandelayo:

   B2: F8

   Kepha, kunjalo, esimweni ngasinye, ikheli liyohluka. Ukuphela kwendawo ukuthi izixhumanisi zeseli elingaphezulu kwesobunxele le-array zizoba ezokuqala kuleli kheli, futhi into engezansi kwesokudla izoba ngeyokugcina. Lezi zixhumanisi zizohlukaniswa yikholoni (:).

   Ngemuva kokuthi kufakwe ikheli le-array, chofoza inkinobho "Kulungile".



4. Ngemuva kwalezi zenzo, umphumela wokungezwa kwedatha uzovezwa kuseli elihlukile.

Uma sibheka le ndlela ngombono wobuchwepheshe obonakalayo, khona-ke asizange sifaka amakholamu, kepha lonke uhlu. Kodwa umphumela waba ngokufana nokuthi ikholomu ngayinye yayihlanganiswa ngokuhlukile.

Kepha kunezimo lapho udinga ukwengeza kungewona wonke amakholomu etafula, kodwa kuphela athile. Umsebenzi uba nzima ngokwengeziwe uma engalinganiseli komunye nomunye. Ake sibheke ukuthi lolu hlobo lokungezwa lwenziwa kanjani kusetshenziswa opharetha we-SUM besebenzisa isibonelo setafula elifanayo. Ake sithi kudingeka sengeze kuphela amakholomu "Thenga 1", "Thenga 3" futhi "Thenga 5". Kuyadingeka ukuthi umphumela ubalwe ngaphandle kokuthola izihlokwana ezikukholamu.

1. Sibeka ikhesa esitokisini lapho umphumela uzokhonjiswa khona. Sibiza iwindi lokuphikisana komsebenzi ISUM ngendlela efanayo esikwenzile ngayo phambilini.

   Ewindini elivula endle "Inombolo1" faka ikheli lobubanzi bedatha kwikholamu "Thenga 1". Lokhu sikwenza ngendlela efanayo naphambilini: setha ikhesa ebaleni bese ukhetha uhla oluhambelanayo lwetafula. Emasimini "Inombolo2" futhi "Inombolo 3" ngokulandelana, sifaka amakheli wokuhlelwa kwedatha kukholamu "Thenga 3" futhi "Thenga 5". Esimweni sethu, izixhumanisi ezifakiwe zingokulandelayo:

   B2: B8
D2: D8
F2: F8

   Ngemuva kwalokho, chofoza inkinobho "Kulungile".



2. Ngemuva kokwenza lezi zenzo, umphumela wengezwe inani lemali lezitolo ezintathu kwezitolo ezinhlanu uzokhonjiswa kulokho okuqondiwe.

Isifundo: Kusebenzisa Isici Wizard ku Microsoft Excel

Njengoba ubona, kunezindlela ezintathu eziphambili zokufaka amakholomu ku-Excel: ukusebenzisa isamba, i-formula yezibalo, nomsebenzi ISUM. Inketho elula kakhulu futhi esheshayo ukusebenzisa amanani omoto. Kepha ivumelana nezimo futhi ayifaneleki kuzo zonke izimo. Inketho eguquguqukayo kakhulu ukusetshenziswa kwamafomula wezibalo, kepha yiyona ezenzakalelayo kakhulu futhi kwezinye izikhathi, ngenani elikhulu ledatha, ukwenziwa kwayo ekusebenzeni kungathatha isikhathi esikhulu. Ukusetshenziswa komsebenzi ISUM kungabizwa ngokuthi "golide" umaphakathi ophakathi kwalezi zindlela ezimbili. Le nketho iyaguquguquka futhi iyashesha.