Ukukhetha ikhadi lekhompyutha nge-computer kuyindaba enzima kakhulu futhi kufanelekile ukuyiphatha ngokufanele. Ukuthenga kuyabiza impela, ngakho-ke kufanele unake imininingwane eminingana ebalulekile, ukuze ungazikhokhi ngaphezulu kokukhetha okungadingekile noma ungathengi ikhadi elibuthakathaka kakhulu.
Kulesi sihloko, ngeke sinikeze izincomo kumamodeli athile nabakhiqizi, kepha sinikezela ngolwazi kuphela oluzolucubungula, ngemuva kwalokho uzokwazi ukwenza izinqumo ngokuzimela ekukhetheni ama-adap graphic.
Ukukhetha ikhadi lekhadi
Lapho ukhetha ikhadi levidiyo lekhompyutha, okokuqala, udinga ukuthatha isinqumo ngokubekwa phambili. Ukuqonda okungcono, sizohlukanisa amakhompyutha ngezigaba ezintathu: ihhovisi, umdlalo futhi izisebenzi. Ngakho-ke kuzoba lula ukuphendula umbuzo othi "kungani ngidinga ikhompyutha?" Kunesinye isigaba - "isikhungo semultimedia", sizobuye sikhulume ngakho ngezansi.
Umsebenzi oyinhloko lapho ukhetha i-adaptha yehluzo ukuthola ukusebenza okudingayo, kuyilapho kungakhokhelwa izinkomba ezingeziwe, amayunithi wokuthungwa kanye ne-megahertz.
Ikhompyutha yehhovisi
Uma uhlela ukusebenzisa umshini ukusebenza ngezincwadi zemibhalo, izinhlelo ezilula zokuqhafaza neziphequluli, lapho-ke kungabizwa ngokuthi yihhovisi.
Ngemishini enjalo, amakhadi wevidiyo abiza kakhulu, abizwa ngokuthi "ama-plugs", afanelekile. Lokhu kufaka phakathi i-AMD R5, i-adaptha ye-Nvidia GT 6 ne-7 yochungechunge, kanye ne-GT 1030 esanda kumenyezelwa.
Ngesikhathi sokubhala, bonke abasheshisi bethuliwe bane-1 - 2 GB yememori yevidiyo ebhodini, enokwenele ukusebenza okujwayelekile. Isibonelo, i-Photoshop idinga i-512 MB ukusebenzisa konke ukusebenza kwayo.
Phakathi kokunye, amakhadi kule ngxenye anokusetshenziswa kwamandla okuphansi kakhulu noma "TDP" (GT 710 - 19 W!), Ekuvumela ukuthi ufake izinhlelo zokupholisa nje. Amamodeli afanayo anesiqalo egameni "Thula" futhi bathule ngokuphelele.
Emishinini yamahhovisi efakwe ngale ndlela, kungenzeka ukuqhuba eminye, hhayi imidlalo efuna kakhulu.
Ikhompyutha yokudlala
Amakhadi wevidiyo yokudlala athola i-niche enkulu kakhulu phakathi kwamadivayisi anjalo. Lapha, ukukhetha ngokuyinhloko kuncike kwisabelomali esihlelelwe ukusizakala.
Isici esibalulekile yilokho okuhlelelwe ukuthi kudlalwe kwikhompyuter enjalo. Imiphumela yokuhlolwa okuningi okuthunyelwe kwi-Intanethi izosiza ekuboneni ukuthi i-gameplay kule accelerator izohamba kahle yini.
Ukucinga imiphumela, kwanele ukubhalisa ku-Yandex noma ku-Google isicelo esinegama lekhadi levidiyo negama elithi "izivivinyo". Isibonelo "Ukuhlolwa kwe-GTX 1050Ti".
Ngesabelomali esincane, kufanele unake ingxenye ephakathi nephansi yamakhadi wevidiyo kulayini wamanje ngesikhathi sokuhlela. Kungadingeka udele "imihlobiso" ethile kugeyimu, wehlise izilungiselelo zehluzo.
Esimweni lapho imali ingalinganiselwe, ungabheka amadivayisi wesigaba se-HI-END, okungukuthi, kumamodeli amadala. Kufanele kuqondwe ukuthi umkhiqizo awukhuphuki ngokwesilinganiso sentengo. Kuliqiniso, i-GTX 1080 izokuba namandla amakhulu kuno-dadewabo omncane we-1070, kepha i-gameplay "ngamehlo" inokwenzeka kuwo womabili amacala ngendlela efanayo. Umehluko ngezindleko ungaba mkhulu impela.
Ikhompyutha yomsebenzi
Lapho ukhetha amakhadi wevidiyo womshini osebenzayo, udinga ukunquma ukuthi yiziphi izinhlelo esihlela ukuzisebenzisa.
Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, ikhadi lasehhovisi lilungele ngokuphelele i-Photoshop, futhi selivele linezinhlelo ezinjengeSony Vegas, i-Adobe Ngemuva Kwemiphumela, iPremier Pro nenye isoftware yokuhlela ividiyo ene- "viewport" (iwindows yokubuka imiphumela yokucubungula) izodinga amandla anamandla ngokwengeziwe i-accelerator yehluzo.
Isoftware yanamuhla yokuhumusha isebenzela ikhadi lemifanekiso ukukhiqiza izigcawu zevidiyo noma ze-3D. Ngokwemvelo, i-adaptha enamandla enamandla ngokwengeziwe, isikhathi esincane siyosetshenziselwa ukucubungula.
Ekulungele kakhulu ukuhanjiswa ngamakhadi avela eNvidia ngobuchwepheshe bawo UCuda, ukuvumela ukusetshenziswa okugcwele kwamakhono we-Hardware ekuxhumaniseni nasekusekweni.
Kukhona futhi ama-accelerator ochwepheshe emvelweni, njenge I-Quadro (Nvidia) no I-Firepro (AMD), ezisetshenziselwa ukucubungula amamodeli nezimo eziyinkimbinkimbi ze-3D. Izindleko zamadivayisi ochwepheshe zingaba phezulu kakhulu, okwenza ukusetshenziswa kwazo ezindaweni zokusebenzela ekhaya kungabi yinzuzo.
Imigqa yamathuluzi ochwepheshe ifaka izixazululo eziphansi kakhulu, kepha amakhadi "we-Pro" anesilinganiso esincane futhi ngentengo efanayo azosala ngemuva kwama-GTX asemidlalweni efanayo. Uma kwenzeka kuhlelwa ukusebenzisa ikhompyutha kuphela ukunikela nokusebenza kwizicelo ze-3D, kunengqondo ukuthenga i- "pro".
Isikhungo semultimedia
Amakhompyutha we-Multimedia aklanyelwe ukudlala okuqukethwe okuhlukahlukene, ikakhulukazi ividiyo. Kudala nje, amafilimu avele kusisombululo se-4K ne-bitrate enkulu (inani lemininingwane elidluliselwe umzuzwana). Ngokuzayo, lawa makhompiyutha azokhula kuphela, ngakho-ke lapho ukhetha ikhadi levidiyo le-multimedia, udinga ukunaka ukuthi uzowuphatha kahle yini umfudlana onjalo.
Kubukeka sengathi i-cinema ejwayelekile ayikwazi "ukulayisha" i-adaptha nge-100%, kodwa empeleni ividiyo ye-4K inganciphisa kakhulu amakhadi abuthakathaka.
Ukuthambekela kokuquketheka kokuqukethwe nobuchwepheshe obusha bekhodi (i-Н265) kusenza sinake amamodeli amasha, wesimanje. Ngasikhathi sinye, amakhadi olayini afanayo (i-10xx kusuka eNvidia) aneebhlokhi ezifanayo njengengxenye ye-GPU I-PurevideoUkuhumusha ukusakazwa kwevidiyo, ngakho-ke akunangqondo ukwedlula.
Njengoba kufanele ukuxhuma i-TV nohlelo, kufanelekile ukuthi unakekele ubukhona besixhumi HDMI 2.0 ekhadini levidiyo.
Amandla Wememori Yevidiyo
Njengoba wazi, inkumbulo yinto enjalo, engeyona eyeqile. Amaphrojekthi wegeyimu wesimanje "wokushwabadela" izinsiza ngokudla okwesabekayo. Ngokusekelwe kulokhu, singaphetha ngokuthi kungcono ukuthenga ikhadi nge-6 GB kunokunye ne-3.
Isibonelo, i-Assasin's Creed Syndicate ene-Ultra esethiwe esethweni lesinqumo se-FullHD (1920 × 1080) idla ngaphezu kwe-4,5 GB.
Umdlalo ofanayo nezilungiselelo ezifanayo ku-2KK (2650x1440):
Ku-4K (3840x2160), ngisho nabanikazi bama-adaptha wehluzo elingaphezulu kuzodingeka banciphise izilungiselelo. Kuliqiniso, kukhona ama-accelerator we-1080 Ti anenkumbulo eyi-11 GB, kepha intengo yawo iqala ku- $ 600.
Konke okungenhla kusebenza kuphela kuzixazululo zemidlalo. Ukuba khona kwenamba enkulu yememori khadi kumakhadi wemifanekiso yehhovisi akudingekile, ngoba ngeke nje kungenzeki ukwethula umdlalo okwazi kahle leli nani.
Imikhiqizo
Izinto zanamuhla zinjengokuthi umehluko phakathi kwekhwalithi yemikhiqizo yabathengisi abahlukile (abakhiqizi) udalulwe kakhulu. I-aphorism "iPalit ishisa kahle" ayisasebenzi.
Umehluko phakathi kwamakhadi kuleli cala yizinqubo zokupholisa ezifakiwe, ukuba khona kwezigaba zamandla ezingeziwe, okuvumela ukunqwabelanisa okuzinzile, kanye nokungezwa kwezinto ezahlukahlukene "ezingenamsebenzi", ngokubuka kobuchwepheshe, njengokubuka emuva kwe-RGB.
Sizokhuluma ngokusebenza kwengxenye yezobuchwepheshe ephansi kancane, kepha mayelana nokuklanywa (funda: ukumaketha) "ama-goodies" singasho okulandelayo: kunephuzu elilodwa eliqondile lapha - lokhu kuyinhle yobuhle. Imizwelo emihle ayilimazanga muntu.
Uhlelo lokupholisa
Uhlelo lokupholisa lwe-GPU nenombolo enkulu yamapayipi okushisa kanye ne-heatsink enkulu, yiqiniso, luzosebenza kangcono kunengcezu evamile ye-aluminium, kepha uma ukhetha ikhadi levidiyo, khumbula iphakethe lokushisa (I-TDP) Ungathola usayizi wephakeji kungaba kuwebhusayithi esemthethweni yomenzi we-chip, ngokwesibonelo, iNvidia, noma ngqo ekhadini lomkhiqizo esitolo online.
Ngezansi isibonelo nge-GTX 1050 Ti.
Njengoba ubona, iphakethe lincane impela, iningi labaprosesa abaphakathi noma abanamandla amancane abane-TDP kusuka ku-90 W, ngenkathi lisebenze ngempumelelo ngabaloli abangabizi kakhulu bebhokisi.
I5 6600K:
Isiphetho: uma ukhetho luwele kwabancane emugqeni wamakhadi, kunengqondo ukuthenga eshibhile, ngoba ukufakwa kohlelo lwangapholile olusebenzayo kungafinyelela kuma-40%.
Ngamamodeli amadala, konke kuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. Ama-accelerators anamandla adinga ukucishwa okuhle kokushisa okuvela kuwo womabili ama-GPU nama-memory chips, ngakho-ke ngeke kube sendaweni yokufunda izivivinyo nokubuyekezwa kwamakhadi wevidiyo ngokulungiswa okuhlukile. Ungasesha kanjani izivivinyo, sesivele sishilo ngaphambili.
Ngokushesha noma ngaphandle kokusheshisa
Ngokusobala, ukwandisa amaza okusebenza kwe-GPU nememori yevidiyo kufanele kube nomthelela omuhle ekusebenzeni. Yebo, kunjalo, kepha uma kukhuphuka kwezimpawu, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kuzokhula futhi, ngakho-ke ukufudumala. Ngokombono wethu othobekile, ukusebenzisa ama-overback kuphela kululeka kuphela uma kungenakwenzeka ukusebenza noma ukudlala ngokunethezeka ngaphandle kwawo.
Isibonelo, ngaphandle kokubamba ngaphezulu ikhadi levidiyo alikwazi ukunikeza isilinganiso sozinzo esimeme ngomzuzwana, kukhona "amaqhwa", "ama-friezes", i-FPS ihle ize lapho kungenzeka khona ukuthi ingadlala. Kulokhu, ungacabanga ngokweqile noma ukuthenga nge-adaptha enamafrikhwensi aphezulu.
Uma i-gameplay iqhubeka ngokujwayelekile, ngakho-ke asikho isidingo sokweqile kwezimpawu. Ama-GPU anamuhla anamandla impela, futhi ukuphakamisa amaza ngama-50-100 megahertz ngeke kwengeze induduzo. Ngaphandle kwalokhu, ezinye izinsiza ezithandwayo zizama ngenkuthalo ukudonsela ukunaka kwethu "embuthweni ongaphezu kwamandla" ongasebenzi.
Lokhu kusebenza kuwo wonke amamodeli amakhadi wevidiyo aqukethe isiqalo egameni lawo. "OC", okusho ukuthi "ukunqwabelanisa" noma ukweqisa embonini, noma "Ukudlala" (umdlalo). Abakhiqizi abakhombisi ngokusobala ngegama ukuthi i-adaptha idlulisiwe, ngakho-ke udinga ukubheka amaza futhi, futhi, ngentengo. Amakhadi anjalo ngokwesiko abiza kakhulu, ngoba adinga ukupholisa okungcono kanye nohlelo olunamandla lwangaphansi.
Vele, uma kunomgomo wokuthola amaphuzu amancane ngaphezulu kuzivivinyo zokwenziwa, ukuhlekisa okuyize kwakho, kufanele uthenge imodeli ebiza kakhulu engamelana nokusheshiswa okuhle.
I-AMD noma iNvidia
Njengoba ukwazi ukubona, esihlokweni sichaze izimiso zokukhetha ama-adapter usebenzisa i-Nvidia njengesibonelo. Uma amehlo akho ewela ku-AMD, konke lokhu okungenhla kungafakwa kumakhadi weRadeon.
Isiphetho
Lapho ukhetha ikhadi levidiyo lekhompyutha, udinga ukuqondiswa ngosayizi wesabelomali, izinhloso kanye nomqondo ojwayelekile. Nquma ukuthi umshini osebenzayo uzosetshenziswa kanjani, bese ukhetha imodeli efaneleka kakhulu esimweni esithile futhi izokukhokhela.
