Ukwakha amagrafu wokuxhomekeka ku-Microsoft Excel

Enye yezinkinga ezejwayelekile zezibalo ukuhlela ukuncika. Kubonisa ukuxhomekeka komsebenzi ekushintsheni impikiswano. Ephepheni, le nqubo akulula ngaso sonke isikhathi. Kepha amathuluzi e-Excel, uma ekwazi kahle ukusebenza, akuvumela ukuba wenze lo msebenzi ngokunembile futhi ngokushesha okukhulu. Ake sibheke ukuthi lokhu kungenziwa kanjani kusetshenziswa idatha yokufaka ehlukahlukene.

Inqubo Yesheduli

Ukuthembela komsebenzi endaweni yokuphikisana kuncike ejwayelekile ye-algebraic. Imvamisa, kujwayelekile ukukhombisa ukuxabana nokubaluleka komsebenzi nezinhlamvu: "x" no "y", ngokulandelana. Imvamisa udinga ukubonisa ngokucacile ukuxhomekeka kwengxabano nomsebenzi, okubhalwe etafuleni, noma okunikezwe njengengxenye yefomula. Ake sibheke izibonelo ezithile zokwakha igrafu (ishadi) ngaphansi kwezimo ezahlukahlukene ezinikezwe.

Indlela yoku-1: dala igrafu yokuthembela esekwe kudatha yetafula

Okokuqala, sizohlaziya ukuthi singawakha kanjani igrafu yokuxhomekeka ngokususela kudatha efakwe ngaphambili kwistafula lethebula. Sisebenzisa itafula lokuncika kwendlela ehamba ngayo (y) ngesikhathi (x).

1. Khetha itafula bese uya kuthebhu Faka. Chofoza inkinobho Ishadilokho kunokuqanjwa kwasendaweni eqenjini Amashadi ekhasethini. Kukhethwa izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zamagrafu. Ngezinhloso zethu, sikhetha okulula kakhulu. Ungowokuqala ohlwini. Qhafaza kuwo.



2. Uhlelo lukhiqiza ishadi. Kepha, njengoba sibona, imigqa emibili iboniswa endaweni yokwakha, kuyilapho sidinga eyodwa kuphela: ukubonisa ukuncika kwendlela ngesikhathi. Ngakho-ke, khetha umugqa oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nenkinobho yegundane kwesobunxele ("Isikhathi"), ngoba ayihambelani nomsebenzi, bese uchofoza inkinobho Susa.



3. Ulayini ogqanyisiwe uzosuswa.

Empeleni, kulokhu, ukwakhiwa kwegrafu elula kakhulu yokuxhomekeka kungabhekwa njengokuqediwe. Uma ufisa, ungahlela negama leshadi, izembe zalo, ususe lo mbumbulu wenze ezinye izinguquko. Lokhu kuchazwe ngemininingwane eminingi esifundweni esihlukile.

Isifundo: Ungasenza kanjani isheduli ku-Excel

Indlela 2: dala igrafu yokuthembela enemigqa eminingi

Inguqulo eyinkimbinkimbi ngokwengeziwe yokwakha igrafu yokuxhomekeka iyenzeka lapho imisebenzi emibili ihambelana nengxabano eyodwa ngasikhathi sinye. Kulokhu, udinga ukwakha imigqa emibili. Isibonelo, thatha itafula lapho imali yonke yebhizinisi nenzuzo yayo ihlelwe ngokuhamba kweminyaka.

1. Khetha itafula lonke nenhloko.



2. Njengasesimweni esedlule, chofoza inkinobho Ishadi engxenyeni yeshadi. Futhi, khetha inketho yokuqala eyethulwe ohlwini oluvulayo.



3. Uhlelo luveza uzungu lokuqhafaza ngokuya ngemininingwane etholakele. Kepha, njengoba sibona, kuleli cala asinawo umugqa wesithathu owengeziwe, kodwa futhi ukuqanjwa ku-axis eqondile yokuqondisa akuhambelani nalokho okudingekayo, okungukuthi, i-oda leminyaka.

   Susa ngokushesha umugqa owedlulele. Ukuwukuphela komugqa oqondile kulo mdwebo - "Unyaka". Njengendlela yangaphambilini, khetha umugqa ngokuchofoza kuwo ngegundane bese uchofoza inkinobho Susa.



4. Ulayini uyasuswa futhi ngawo, njengoba ubona, amanani avela kuphaneli yokuqondisa mpo ayaguqulwa. Sebeqonde ngokwengeziwe. Kepha inkinga ngesibonakaliso esingalungile se-axis evundlile ehleli isekhona. Ukuxazulula le nkinga, chofoza endaweni yokwakha ngenkinobho yegundane elifanele. Kumenyu kufanele umise ukukhethwa endaweni "Khetha idatha ...".



5. Iwindows lokukhetha umthombo liyavula. Ebhlokini Amasiginesha axis ovundlile chofoza inkinobho "Shintsha".



6. Iwindows livula lincane ngisho nangaphambilini. Kuyo, udinga ukucacisa izixhumanisi etafuleni lalawo amanani okufanele aboniswe ku-eksisi. Ngale njongo, setha isikhombisi emkhakheni okuwukuphela kwewindi leli. Ngemuva kwalokho bamba phansi inkinobho yegundane kwesobunxele bese ukhetha konke okuqukethwe ikholamu "Unyaka"ngaphandle kwegama lawo. Ikheli lizoboniswa ngokushesha endle, chofoza "Kulungile".



7. Ukubuyela kuwindi lokukhetha imithombo yedatha, chofoza futhi "Kulungile".



8. Ngemuva kwalokho, womabili amagrafu abekwe eshidini aboniswa kahle.

Indlela 3: ugobe usebenzisa amayunithi ahlukene

Ngendlela edlule, sicabangele ukwakha umdwebo onemigqa eminingana endizeni efanayo, kepha yonke imisebenzi yayinamayunithi afanayo wokulinganisa (ama-ruble ayinkulungwane). Yini okufanele uyenze uma udinga ukudala amagrafu wokuthembela ngokwesisekelo sethebula elilodwa, amayunithi wokulinganisa umsebenzi ahlukile kuwo? E-Excel kunendlela yokuphuma kulesi simo.

Sinethebula eliveza idatha kuvolumu yokuthengisa yomkhiqizo othile kumathani nakumali etholakala ngokuthengiswa kwayo ngezinkulungwane zama-ruble.

1. Njengamacala wangaphambilini, sikhetha yonke imininingwane ekuhlu lwethebula kanye nesihloko.



2. Chofoza inkinobho Ishadi. Futhi, khetha inketho yokuqala yokwakha ohlwini.



3. Kwakhiwa iqoqo lezinto eziwumfanekiso endaweni yokwakha. Ngendlela efanayo naleyo echazwe enguqulweni edlule, susa umugqa owedlulele "Unyaka".



4. Njengoba ngendlela yangaphambilini, kufanele sikhombise iminyaka kuphaneli yokuqondisa evundlile. Sichofoza endaweni yokwakha bese ukhetha inketho ohlwini lwezenzo "Khetha idatha ...".



5. Ewindini elisha, chofoza inkinobho "Shintsha" ebhlokini "Amasiginesha" i-eksisi evundlile.



6. Ewindini elilandelayo, senza izinto ezifanayo ezazichazwe ngokuningiliziwe ngendlela yangaphambilini, sifaka izixhumanisi zekholomu "Unyaka" endaweni I-Axis Label Range. Qhafaza "Kulungile".



7. Lapho sibuyela ewindini langaphambilini, sibuye sichofoze inkinobho "Kulungile".



8. Manje kufanele sixazulule inkinga esingazange sihlangabezane nayo kumacala okwakha edlule, okuyi, inkinga yokungafani kwamayunithi amaningi. Ngempela, kufanele uvume ukuthi ngeke zikwazi ukutholakala kwiphaneli eyodwa yokuhlukaniswa kwezigaba, ngasikhathi sinye okubonisa inani lemali (izinkulungwane zama-ruble) nesisindo (amathani). Ukuxazulula le nkinga, sidinga ukwakha i-eksisi yaphezulu yokuma yezixhumanisi.

   Esimweni sethu, ukukhombisa imali engenayo, sishiya i-eksisi yokume mpo esevele ikhona, nakulayini "IVolumu yokuthengisa" dala umsizi. Chofoza kulayini ngokuqhafaza inkinobho yegundane bese ukhetha okukhethwa kukho ohlwini "Ifomethi yochungechunge lwedatha ...".



9. Iwindi lefomethi yochungechunge lwedatha luqala. Sidinga ukuqhubekela esigabeni Amarowu Omugqauma yavulwa kwesinye isigaba. Ngasohlangothini lwesokunene sewindows Yakha Umugqa. Kuyadingeka ukusetha ukushintshela esikhundleni "Esekisini elisizayo". Chofoza igama Vala.



10. Ngemuva kwalokho kuzokwakhiwa i-eksisi esemile ethe xaxa, kanye nomugqa "IVolumu yokuthengisa" iphinde yacatshangelwa izixhumanisi zayo. Ngakho-ke, umsebenzi wokuphothula uqediwe ngempumelelo.

Indlela 4: dala igrafu yokuthembela esekwe kumsebenzi we-algebraic

Manje ake sibheke inketho yokuhlelela igrafu yokuncika, ezonikezwa umsebenzi we-algebraic.

Sinomsebenzi olandelayo: y = 3x ^ 2 + 2x-15. Ngokusekelwe kuyo, igrafu yokuncika kwamanani y kusuka x.

1. Ngaphambi kokuqala ukwakha umdwebo, sizodinga ukudala itafula ngokusetshenziselwe umsebenzi othile. Amanani wokuphikisana (x) etafuleni lethu azoboniswa ebangeni ukusuka ku-15 kuye ku-+30 ngezinyathelo zika-3. Ukusheshisa inqubo yokufaka idatha, sizosebenzisa ithuluzi eliziqedile "Ukuqhubeka".

   Cacisa kuseli lokuqala lekholamu "X" inani "-15" bese uyikhetha. Kuthebhu "Ikhaya" chofoza inkinobho Gcwalisaibekwe ebhlokini "Ukuhlela". Uhlu, khetha inketho "Ukuqhubeka ...".



2. Ukwenza kusebenze Window kuyaqhubeka "Ukuqhubeka"Ebhlokini "Indawo" umaka igama Ikholomu ngekholamu, ngoba sidinga ukugcwalisa ikholamu ngqo. Eqenjini "Thayipha" inani lekhefu "I-Arithmetic"efakwe ngokuzenzakalelayo. Endaweni "Isinyathelo" kufanele kusethe inani "3". Endaweni "Umkhawulo wenani" faka inombolo "30". Qhafaza "Kulungile".



3. Ngemuva kokwenza le algorithm yezenzo, ikholamu yonke "X" izogcwaliswa ngamanani ngokuya ngohlelo olubekiwe.



4. Manje sidinga ukusetha amanani Yezingahambelana namanani athile X. Ngakho-ke, khumbula ukuthi sinalo ifomula y = 3x ^ 2 + 2x-15. Udinga ukuyiguqula kwifomula ye-Excel lapho amanani atholakala khona X izothathelwa indawo yizinkomba ezinamaseli wethebula aqukethe izimpikiswano ezihambisanayo.

   Khetha iseli lokuqala kukholamu "Y". Njengoba kunikezwe thina kithi ikheli lempikiswano yokuqala X emelelwa abaxhumanisi A2, khona-ke esikhundleni sefomula engenhla sithola isisho esithi:

   = 3 * (A2 ^ 2) + 2 * A2-15

   Sibhala le nkulumo esitokisini sokuqala kukholamu "Y". Ukuthola umphumela wokubala, chofoza inkinobho Ngena.



5. Umphumela womsebenzi wokuphikisana okokuqala kwefomula ubaliwe. Kepha sidinga ukubala amanani aso kwezinye izingxoxo zetafula. Faka ifomula yenani ngalinye Y umsebenzi omude kakhulu futhi oshubile. Kushesha kakhulu futhi kulula ukukopisha. Le nkinga ingaxazululwa kusetshenziswa umaki wokugcwalisa futhi ngenxa yesakhiwo esinjalo sezixhumanisi ku-Excel njengokuhlobana kwabo. Lapho ukopisha ifomula kwamanye amabanga Y amanani X kwifomula izoshintsha ngokuzenzakalela ihlobene nesixhumanisi sabo sokuqala.

   Hambisa isikhombisi emaphethelweni aphansi angakwesokudla wento lapho ifomula yayibhalwe khona phambilini. Kulokhu, ukuguqulwa kufanele kwenzeke nesikhombisi. Kuzoba isiphambano esimnyama, esiba negama lomaka wokugcwalisa. Bamba inkinobho yegundane kwesobunxele bese uhudula umaki phansi kwetafula kwikholamu "Y".



6. Isenzo esingenhla senza ikholamu "Y" yagcwala ngokuphelele imiphumela yokubala ifomula y = 3x ^ 2 + 2x-15.



7. Manje yisikhathi sokwakha ishadi uqobo. Khetha yonke idatha ye-tabular. Ithebhu futhi Faka chofoza inkinobho Ishadi amaqembu Amashadi. Kulokhu, ake sikhethe ohlwini lwezinto ongakhetha kuzo Ishadi nabamaki.



8. Ishadi elinamamaki livela endaweni yesiqephu. Kepha, njengasezindabeni ezedlule, kuzodingeka senze izinguquko ezithile ukuze sizuze ifomu elifanele.



9. Okokuqala, susa ulayini "X", etholakala ngokuqondile kumaki 0 izixhumanisi. Khetha le nto bese uchofoza inkinobho. Susa.



10. Futhi asiyidingi inganekwane, ngoba sinomugqa owodwa kuphela ("Y") Ngakho-ke, khetha inganekwane bese ucindezela inkinobho futhi Susa.



11. Manje sidinga ukumiselela amanani asendaweni evumayo yokuhlanganisa iphaneli nalawo ahambelana nekholamu "X" etafuleni.

    Ngokuchofoza inkinobho yegundane kwesokudla, khetha ishadi lomugqa. Kumenyu sihamba ngenani "Khetha idatha ...".



12. Ewindini lokukhetha umthombo osetshenzisiwe, chofoza inkinobho esivele siyayazi "Shintsha"etholakala ebhlokini Amasiginesha axis ovundlile.



13. Iwindows liqala Amalebula we-Axis. Endaweni I-Axis Label Range chaza izixhumanisi zokuhlanganiswa ngamininingwane yekholamu "X". Sibeka isikhombisi emgodini wensimu, bese kuthi, lapho sekwenziwe ngokuchofoza kwegundane kwesobunxele, ukhethe wonke amanani ekholomu ehambisanayo yetafula, singafaki igama laso kuphela. Lapho nje izixhumanisi zikhonjiswa endle, chofoza igama "Kulungile".



14. Ukubuyela kuwindi lokukhetha imithombo yedatha, chofoza inkinobho "Kulungile" kuyo, njengaphambilini okwenziwe ewindini elidlule.



15. Ngemuva kwalokho, uhlelo luzohlela umdwebo owakhiwe ngaphambilini ngokuya ngoshintsho olwenziwe kuzilungiselelo. Igrafu yokuthembela esekwe emsebenzini we-algebraic ingabhekwa njengokuqediwe ngokuphelele.

Isifundo: Ungayenza kanjani i-ngokuzenzakalela ku-Microsoft Excel

Njengoba ukwazi ukubona, usebenzisa uhlelo lwe-Excel, inqubo yokwakha igrafu yokuncika ilula kakhulu uma uyiqhathanisa nokwakha ephepheni. Umphumela wokwakha ungasetshenziswa womabili umsebenzi wokufundisa, futhi ngqo ngezinjongo ezisebenzayo. Inketho ethile yokwakha incike kulokho eshadini okusekelwe kulo: amanani we-tabular noma umsebenzi. Esimweni sesibili, ngaphambi kokwakha umdwebo, kusazodingeka ukuthi wakhe itafula elinokuphikisana namanani wokusebenza. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uhlelo lungakhiwa, kokubili ngesisekelo somsebenzi owodwa, noma eziningana.