Ukudluliselwa kwepakethi kongqimba lwenethiwekhi kwenziwa ngedivaysi ekhethekile - i-router, iyi-router. Kumatheku afanele, intambo evela kumhlinzeki namakhompyutha enethiwekhi yasekhaya ixhunyiwe kuyo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona ubuchwepheshe beWi-Fi ekuvumela ukuthi uxhume kwi-Intanethi ngaphandle kwentambo. Imishini yenethiwekhi efakwe endlini ibuye ihlanganise bonke ababambiqhaza kwinethiwekhi yendawo eyodwa.
Njengoba ubona, idivaysi enjalo iyona nto ebaluleke kakhulu ekuhleleni ukuxhumana kwe-Intanethi kwasekhaya, yingakho wonke umsebenzisi kufanele abe nayo. Umbhalo wethu wanamuhla unikezelwe ekukhetheni le divayisi. Sizokutshela ngokuningiliziwe ukuthi yini okufanele uyinake nokuthi ungayikhetha kanjani indlela engcono kakhulu.
Khetha i-router yekhaya lakho
Onke ama-routers ahlukile - banezici ezinezici ezihlukile, banezinombolo ezithile zamachweba, amandla okwakhelwa ngaphakathi okwenza ngcono nokwenza ngcono ikhwalithi yesiginali. Abasebenzisi abangakabi nayo i-router, sincoma ukuthi masinyane uye ezigabeni nencazelo yezimpawu eziphambili. Kulabo asivele benedivayisi efanayo ekhaya futhi banemibuzo ngokubuyiselwa, silungiselele izinto eziningi ukuthola ukuthi yikuphi ukungasebenzi okusebenzayo:
- Kufanele uqale kabusha i-router okungenani kanye ngeviki, futhi kaningi kakhulu. Kuyenzeka ukuthi idivaysi imane yenqabe ukusebenza, kepha ezimweni eziningi lokhu kungenxa yokulayishwa kwayo ngokweqile. Isiza ukukhulula ukucisha kwayo okujwayelekile futhi iqalise kabusha ngemuva kwemizuzwana embalwa. Ukulayisha ngokweqile kwenzeka ngenxa yokugeleza okukhulu kwedatha, ngenxa yokuthi izakhi zedivayisi zimane nje zingakwazi ukubhekana nokudluliswa kwevolumu enjalo futhi zinikeze ukungasebenzi kahle.
Kuzoba kubi kuphela, ngoba yilungu ngalinye lomndeni linedivaysi yakho ephathekayo noma i-PC, nabo baya ku-Intanethi bevela kulo bayobuka, ngokwesibonelo, ividiyo ngekhwalithi ye-FullHD. Ngakho-ke, isidingo esijwayelekile sokuqalisa kabusha yisizathu sokuqala sokucabanga ukubuyisela okunye.
- I-router ayingene kwamanye amanethiwekhi. Vele uvule uhlu lokuxhumana olukhona lwe-Wi-Fi ukuthola inombolo enkulu yamanethiwekhi lapho, ikakhulukazi uma uhlala efulethini. Njengomthetho, iningi lamadivayisi lisebenza ngokuvama kwe-2.4 GHz, sizoxoxa ngalesi sihloko ngemininingwane engezansi. Ngenxa yalokhu, kuvela ukuthi ikhwalithi yesiginali izoba namandla ngokwengeziwe ne-router enama-antenna amahle kakhulu. Uma uhlangabezana nenkinga enjalo futhi uqonda ukuthi isinali ye-Wi-Fi yemishini yakho ibuthakathaka ngokwanele, bheka amanye amamodeli ngama-antenna athuthukisiwe.
- Ijubane le-router. Manje emadolobheni sekuvele kuyinto ejwayelekile ye-Inthanethi ngejubane le-100 MB / s. Ngokungeziwe, abasebenzisi bazixhuma bona kanye namanani we-1 GB / s, futhi lokhu kungaphezu kokuphindwe kayishumi kunokwejwayelekile. Lapho uqhuba i-Intanethi enjalo, kunjalo, i-wiring nengxenye yemishini yenethiwekhi iyashintsha, noma kunjalo, abasebenzisi abaningi bashiya i-router yabo endala, yingakho ukweqisa kwenzeka. Akuhambelani nokusakazwa kwedatha enjalo futhi kukhiqiza ijubane eliphansi kakhulu kunalokho kumenyezelwe ngumhlinzeki.
Vele, abahlinzeki abaningi bezinsizakalo ze-Intanethi abazinikezeli izinkomba ezichaziwe, noma kunjalo, uma kuhlolwa isivinini, ngokwesibonelo, usebenzisa insizakalo yethu, uthola ukungafani okungaphezulu kwama-30%, udinga ukuthenga i-router enamandla amakhulu ukuze ikwazi ukubhekana nemithwalo eyabelwe yona.
Ukuhlolwa kwejubane le-Intanethi
Manje njengoba sesithole ukuthi singayithenga yini insiza entsha, sekuyisikhathi sokukhuluma ngokuthi yini okufanele uyibheke lapho ukhetha idivaysi enjalo nokuthi yiziphi izici ezinqumayo.
Bheka futhi: Umzila wehlisa isivinini: xazulula inkinga
I-Wifi
Manje cishe wonke umsebenzisi unama-laptops amaningana, amaphilisi kanye nama-Smartphones ekhaya, futhi ukuba khona kwamakhompyutha wesiteshi imvamisa akudluli okukodwa. Ngakho-ke, into yokuqala okudingeka uyinake lapho ukhetha i-router yi-Wi-Fi. Izici ezibaluleke kakhulu eziqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle kohlelo zingaphawulwa:
- Inani lezinzwa. Uma ijubane lakho le-Intanethi lingwedluli kuma-70 MB / s, imishini ene-antenna yangaphandle eyodwa izokwanela. Kodwa-ke, ngesivinini esiphezulu, inani labo kufanele liphindwe kabili. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuba khona kanye nokukhonjwa kwama-antenna angaphandle kuthinta ikhono lokuphuka eliphelele nekhwalithi yesiginali.
- Ukusebenza kwe-band ezimbili. Inani elikhulu lama-routers amasha ayakwazi ukusebenza ngamabhendi amabili. Ngezilungiselelo ezizenzakalelayo, indawo yakho yokungena ngaphandle kwentambo izosebenza kumvamisa we-2.4 GHz, imvamisa lesi siteshi sigcwele kakhulu ngokunye ukuxhumana. Uma ushintshela kumvamisa ye-5 GHz, uzothola isikhala esikhululekile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ibanga lesibili linamandla amancane okuqhekeka, ngenxa yokuthi amanethiwekhi angenawaya angenantambo ngeke aqede aye efulethini lakho noma ekhaya, ngaleyo ndlela evumela iWi-Fi yakho ukuthi isebenze kangcono.
- I-802.11ac ejwayelekile. Eminyakeni embalwa edlule, kwavela indinganiso entsha yobuchwepheshe beWi-Fi ebizwa nge-802.11ac. Ngibonga yena, ijubane lokudluliswa kwedatha kunethiwekhi engenantambo liba ngaphezulu kakhulu. Ngokufanelekile, lapho sikhetha i-router, sincoma ukuthi unake lesi sici.
- Ukubethela Uhlelo lokuphepha olungenantambo lususelwa kunqubomgomo ethile yokubethela. Kodwa-ke, ngokusebenza kwabo okulungile kuyadingeka ukuthi idivaysi eyamukelayo futhi ixhase umsebenzi ngohlobo lokubethela okusetshenzisiwe. Ngakho-ke, sikucebisa ukuthi unake lezo zinhlobo lapho kuhlanganiswa khona inani elikhulu lezinqubomgomo. Okusemqoka yile: WEP, WPA / WPA2, WPS kanye QSS.
Bheka futhi: Sinyusa ijubane le-Intanethi ngokusebenzisa i-Wi-Fi router
Ukucaciswa kobuchwepheshe
Ukusebenza kwemishini yenethiwekhi kuhlobene ngqo nokuthi iziphi izinto ezifakiwe kuyo. Lapho ukhetha imodeli yokutholwa, kubalulekile ukucubungula izakhi ezimbalwa eziyisisekelo:
- Imemori ye-RAM. Imemori yokufinyelela okungahleliwe (i-RAM) inesibopho sokugcina nokuhambisa amaphakethe wedatha. Lapho ivolumu yayo ifakwa kakhulu kudivayisi, ukusebenza kwayo kuzoba okuzinzile ngokwengeziwe. Sincoma i-router okungenani engu-64 MB ye-RAM.
- Inkumbulo yeROM. Imemori ye-flash (ROM) igcina i-firmware kanye nohlelo lokuphatha uhlelo lwe-router, ngokulandelana, lapho likhulu, kusebenza isoftware efakiwe lapho kucatshangelwa. Isayizi enconyelwe i-ROM iqala ku-32 MB.
- Iyunithi yokufaka ephakathi. I-CPU yenza umsebenzi wokucubungula imininingwane futhi inesibopho sawo wonke umsebenzi wedivayisi. Amandla ayo alinganiswa ku-MHz. Inani elilungile lingama-300, kepha iprosesa elinamandla angaphezu kuka-500 MHz yisinqumo esihle kunazo zonke.
Izixhumi ezihlanganisiwe
Ngokuvamile, wonke amachweba akhona ku-router atholakala ohlangothini noma emuva kwephaneli. Ake sibheke ngamunye wabo bese sibona ukuthi yini abanesibopho sayo:
- WANANI. Imvamisa, idivaysi ifakelwe isixhumi esisodwa kuphela. Intambo evela kumhlinzeki ixhumeke kuyo, ihlinzeka ngokuxhumeka kunethiwekhi yomhlaba wonke. Kwesinye isikhathi kuba ne-WAN eyengeziwe, imvamisa kakhulu kumamodeli we-ASUS. Lesi sixazululo siyadingeka ukuze ulinganise umthwalo futhi ukhiphe imisele. Okusho ukuthi, uma ukuxhumana okukodwa kwehluleka, i-router izoshintshela ngokuzenzakalelayo inketho yokusekelayo.
- I-LAN - Amachweba main lapho amakhompyutha axhunywe khona ngezintambo zenethiwekhi, ukudala inethiwekhi yendawo. Ngamazinga, idivaysi ine-4 yalezi zixhumi, kepha uma kunesidingo, ungathola amamodeli ngenombolo enkulu yazo.
- I-USB Ngokungeziwe, kuchithwe amachweba we-USB owodwa noma amabili kuma-routers amasha. Ngabo, ukuxhumeka kokushayela ama-flash, ama-hard drive wangaphandle, futhi futhi kusekela imodemu ye-3G / 4G. Endabeni yokusebenzisa imodemu, sibonga i-router, kuvuleka amathuba ongezekile, ngokwesibonelo, ukudluliswa kwedatha engenantambo nokushintshwa okuzenzakalelayo kumodi yokulinda.
Ukubukeka
Vele, ukubukeka kwemishini yenethiwekhi kugadla okokuqala, kepha akuyona into ebaluleke kakhulu okufanele ucabange ngayo lapho ukhetha idivaysi. Kwesinye isikhathi abakhiqizi abafaki ama-antenna angaphandle ku-router ngenxa yomklamo omuhle we-minimalistic, kepha lesi sixazululo siba nobunzima. Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, ukuba khona kwezintuthwane ezinjalo kwenza indawo yokungena ngaphandle kwentambo izinze. Azikho ezinye izincomo zokubukeka; khetha imodeli ngokususelwa kokuthandayo.
Kulesi sihloko isihloko sethu sifinyelela esiphethweni esinengqondo. Asizange sicebise abakhiqizi abathile, ngoba cishe ngamunye wabo wenza amadivaysi afanayo, endaweni ethile ahlukahluke kwimisebenzi nokubukeka okuncane. Lapho ukhetha i-router, naka ukubuyekezwa kwamakhasimende angempela, ukuze ungahlangabezana nezinkinga ezingenzeka.
