Wake wezwa ukuthi i-Windows 7 noma i-Windows 8 firewall (kanye nolunye uhlelo olusebenzayo lwekhompyutha) yinto ebalulekile yokuvikelwa kohlelo. Kepha uyazi ukuthi kuyini nokuthi kwenziwani? Abantu abaningi abazi. Kulesi sihloko ngizozama ukuthandwa kakhulu ukukhuluma ngokuthi kuyini firewall (kubizwa nangokuthi firewall), kungani kudingeka nezinye izinto ezihlobene nesihloko. Le ndatshana yenzelwe abaqalayo.
Umnyombo we-firewall ukuthi ilawula noma ihluze konke ukuthwebula (idatha edluliselwa kunethiwekhi) phakathi kwekhompyutha (noma inethiwekhi yendawo) namanye amanethiwekhi, njenge-Intanethi, okuyinto ejwayelekile kakhulu. Ngaphandle kokusebenzisa isicishamlilo, noma yiluphi uhlobo lwethrafikhi lungadlula. Lapho kuvulwa i-firewall, kuphela ithrafikhi yenethiwekhi evunyelwe yimithetho yokucima umlilo idlula.
Bona futhi: ukuthi ungakhubaza kanjani i-firewall yeWindows (ukukhubaza i-Windows firewall kungadingeka ukusebenza noma ukufaka izinhlelo)
Kungani ku-Windows 7 nezinguqulo ezintsha i-firewall iyingxenye yohlelo
Windows 8 Firewall
Abasebenzisi abaningi namuhla basebenzisa ama-routers ukufinyelela i-Intanethi kusuka kumadivayisi amaningana ngasikhathi sinye, okuyiqiniso ukuthi, futhi luluhlobo lomlilo. Lapho usebenzisa ukuxhumana okuqondile kwe-Intanethi ngocingo noma imodemu ye-DSL, ikhompyutha inikezwe ikheli le-IP lomphakathi, elingatholwa kunoma iyiphi enye ikhompyutha kunethiwekhi. Noma yiziphi izinsizakalo zenethiwekhi ezisebenza kukhompyutha yakho, njengezinsizakalo ze-Windows zokwabelana ngamaphrinta noma amafayela, ideskithophu elikude, lingatholakala kwamanye amakhompyutha. Ngasikhathi sinye, noma uvala ukufinyelela okukude nezinsizakalo ezithile, usongo lokuxhumeka okunobungozi lusaqhubeka - okokuqala, ngoba umsebenzisi ojwayelekile ucabanga kancane ukuthi yini esebenzayo kwiWindows OS yakhe futhi ulinde ukuxhumeka okungenayo, okwesibili ngenxa yokuhluka Izinhlobo zezimbobo zokuphepha ezikuvumela ukuthi uxhume kwisevisi ekude kulezo zimo uma isebenza nje, noma ngabe ukunqunyelwa okungenayo kukho kungavunyelwe. I-firewall imane nje ingavumeli ukuthumela isicelo sesevisi isebenzisa ubungozi.
Uhlobo lokuqala lweWindows XP, kanye nezinguqulo zangaphambilini zeWindows, belungenaso isicishamlilo esakhelwe ngaphakathi. Futhi nje ngokukhishwa kweWindows XP, ubiquity we-Intanethi bahlangana. Ukuntuleka kwesithambisi somlilo ekulethweni, kanye nasezingeni eliphansi labasebenzisi ngokuya ngokuphepha kwe-Intanethi, kuholele ekutheni noma iyiphi ikhompyutha exhunywe kwi-Intanethi neWindows XP ingatheleleka ngemizuzwana emibalwa uma kwenziwa isenzo esiqondisiwe.
I-Windows firewall yokuqala yethulwa kuWindows XP Service Pack 2 futhi kusukela lapho i-firewall inikwe amandla ngokuzenzakalelayo kuzo zonke izinhlobo zohlelo olusebenzayo. Futhi lezo zinsizakalo esikhulume ngazo ngenhla manje sezihlukaniswe amanethiwekhi angaphandle, futhi i-firewall iyenqabela konke ukuxhumana okungenayo ngaphandle kokuthi kuvunyelwe ngokucacile ezilungiselelweni zomlilo.
Lokhu kuvimbela amanye amakhompyutha ekuxhumekeni kwi-Intanethi ekuxhumekeni kumasevisi endawo kwikhompyutha yakho, futhi, futhi, kulawula ukufinyelela ezinsizakalweni zenethiwekhi kunethiwekhi yakho yendawo. Ngalesi sizathu, ngaso sonke isikhathi uma uxhuma kwinethiwekhi entsha, iWindows iyabuza ukuthi iyi-network yekhaya, eyisebenzayo noma eyomphakathi. Uma ixhumeke kwinethiwekhi yasekhaya, iWindows Firewall ivumela ukufinyelela kulezi zinsizakalo, futhi uma ixhumeke kunethiwekhi yomphakathi, iyakwenqaba ukufinyelela.
Ezinye izici zomlilo
Izicishamlilo ziyisithiyo (yingakho igama lishiwo umlilo - kusukela esiNgisini "Umlilo") phakathi kwenethiwekhi yangaphandle nekhompyutha (noma inethiwekhi yendawo), engaphansi kokuvikela kwayo. Isici esiyinhloko sokuphepha sendawo yomlilo esetshenziswa ekhaya ukuvimba konke ukungafuneki kwethrafikhi ye-Intanethi. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kude kakhulu nakho konke okwenziwa ngumcishamlilo. Uma ucabanga ukuthi i-firewall "iphakathi" kwenethiwekhi nekhompyutha, ingasetshenziswa ukuhlaziya wonke ama-network angenayo aphumayo futhi anqume ukuthi enzeni ngakho. Isibonelo, i-firewall ingalungiswa ukuvimba uhlobo oluthile lwethrafikhi ephumayo, ukufaka umsebenzi wenethiwekhi osolisayo, noma konke ukuxhumana kwenethiwekhi.
Ku-Windows Firewall, ungalungiselela imithetho ehlukahlukene ezovumela noma inqabele izinhlobo ezithile zethrafikhi. Isibonelo, ukuxhumana okungenayo kungavunyelwa kuphela kusuka kuseva enekheli elithile le-IP, futhi zonke ezinye izicelo zizokwenqatshwa (lokhu kungaba wusizo uma udinga ukuxhuma ohlelweni kwikhompyutha kusuka kwikhompyutha yomsebenzi, yize kungcono ukusebenzisa i-VPN).
I-firewall ayiyona isoftware ngaso sonke isikhathi njenge-firewall eyaziwayo. Emkhakheni wezinkampani, isoftware ehlelwe kahle nezinhlelo zehadiwe ezenza imisebenzi ye-firewall zingasetshenziswa.
Uma une-Wi-Fi router (noma nje i-router) ekhaya, kusebenza futhi njengohlobo lwe-firewall, ngenxa yomsebenzi wayo we-NAT, ovimbela ukufinyelela kwangaphandle kwamakhompyutha namanye amadivaysi axhunywe ku-router.
