Kungani isiza singavuli esipheqululini, isixazululo senkinga

Ukungakwazi ukuvula ikhasi elidingekayo kwi-Intanethi kungenye yezinkinga ezivame kakhulu. Ngaso leso sikhathi, igama lisethwe kahle kubha yekheli. Umbuzo ofanele uphakama wokuthi kungani isiza, esidingeka kakhulu, singavuli. Kungaba nezizathu eziningi zale nkinga, ezisuka ekulimaleni okubukwayo kuya ekulimaleni kwesoftware yangaphakathi.

Ihlola izilungiselelo ezilula

Okukhona izizathu zokuqalaezingalungiswa ngaphandle kokuguqukela ekujezisweni okujulile. Lezi zinkomba zincike ezintweni eziningi, kepha ngaphambi kokuzicabangela, kufanele ufunde ngokucophelela okubhaliwe ekhasini elivulekile. Kwezinye izimo, umhlinzeki we-Intanethi uqobo angakwenqabela ukuguquka kwesiza. Isizathu salokhu kungaba ukuntuleka kwesitifiketi noma isizinda esisayinwe.

Umsebenzi we-Intanethi

Isizathu esiyinhloko sokuthi ikheli elinikeziwe liyekile ukuvulwa kungenzeka ukuntuleka kwe-inthanethi. Ukuxilonga ngokubheka ukuxhumana kwentambo yenethiwekhi kukhompyutha ephathekayo noma kwikhompyutha. Ngokusethwa kwenethiwekhi engenantambo, hlola i-Wi-Fi bese ukhetha inethiwekhi oyithandayo.

Isizathu sokukhawulela ukuhamba kwe-Intanethi kudivayisi kungenzeka kube i-router noma umhlinzeki wesevisi yokuxhumana. Ukuhlola i-router, kufanele buka zonke izintambo zenethiwekhiokuholela ku-router, bese uqalisa kabusha idivaysi.

Enye indlela yokulawula kungaba ukuvulwa kohlelo online, isibonelo, skype. Uma isithonjana sephaneli siluhlaza, i-Intanethi ikhona, nenkinga ihlukile.

Amagciwane nokuvikelwa kwekhompyutha

Ngisho nomshini “ohlakaniphe” wemodeli yakamuva enohlelo lwakamuva awunawo umonakalo we-malware. Bakhona ngena kwikhompyutha ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene, futhi Nazi ezinye zazo:

• Ukufakwa kwesoftware engabhaliwe noma engabazayo.
• Ixhuma kwi-laptop nge-USB yemidrayivu engaqinisekisiwe noma ama-Smartphones.
• Ukuxhuma kunethiwekhi ye-Wi - Fi engaziwa.
• Landa amafayela angaqinisekiswanga noma izandiso esipheqululini.
• Ukufinyelela imithombo engaziwa ye-inthanethi.

Uma sekudivayisi, i-malware iyakwazi thinta kabi ukusebenza kwezinhlelo nohlelo luphelele. Lapho sebesipheqululini, bashintsha isandiso, beqondisa kabusha ama-scammers kusayithi lobugebengu.

Kungenzeka ukubona lokhu uma elinye igama liboniswa kubha yekheli noma efana nalokho okufanele libe yikho. Uma kwenzeka inkinga, udinga ukufaka i-antivirus ekhompyutheni yakho nokuskena wonke amadiski nge-scan ejulile. Uma uhlelo lubona amafayela asolisayo, kufanele asuswe ngokushesha.

Uhlelo ngalunye kudivayisi lunokuvikelwa kwalo kwe-malware olubizwa nge-firewall noma i-firewall. Imvamisa, umlilo onjalo ubala izingosi ezingafuneki futhi ezingenangozi.

Uma isoftware eyingozi ingatholakali, kepha amanye amasayithi angavuli esipheqululini, khona-ke ukukhubaza iWindows Defender ne-antivirus kuzosiza kuleli cala. Kepha khumbula ukuthi idivaysi ingaba sengozini ngenxa yokuguqulwa kwe-inthanethi esipheqululini.

Ukusebenza kwesiphequluli

Imininingwane yokuthi kungani amanye amasayithi angavuli esipheqululini, ukungasebenzi kahle kwayo. Zingavela ngenxa yezizathu ezilandelayo:

• Isiphequluli sivikelekile kumasayithi angaqinisekiswanga noma ngaphandle kwesiginesha.
• Isithonjana sekhasi esilondoloziwe siphelelwe isikhathi futhi isixhumanisi asitholakali.
• Kufakwe izandiso ezinonya.
• Indawo ayisebenzi ngenxa yezizathu zobuchwepheshe.

Ukuxazulula inkinga ngesiphequluli, kufanele uzame ukufaka isixhumanisi ngemodi yezandla. Uma inkinga iqhubeka, kuzodingeka ususe zonke izandiso eziphelelwe yisikhathi ngaphambili bese usula i-cache. Ngaphambi kwale nqubo, gcina wonke amabhukumaka nge-akhawunti yakho yemeyili noma kufayela.

Isiphequluli ngasinye sine izilungiselelo zakho nokuvikelwa kumasayithi ayingozi. Uma ikhasi lehluleka ukubonisa, udinga ukulivula kwesinye isiphequluli noma kwi-smartphone yakho. Uma yonke into iboniswa phakathi nalokhu kwenziwa, khona-ke lolu daba lukulesi siphequluli ngokwalo, lapho kudingeka ukuqonda izilungiselelo.

Xoxa izilungiselelo eziyinkimbinkimbi

Isistimu Ukulungisa amaphutha kulula, vele ulandele imiyalo. Ukucushwa okuthile okubhekele ukuvula isiza okusolekayo kufihliwe, kepha ngenqwaba yokukhohlisa kungenzeka ukuthole futhi ukuhlele ukufeza umphumela.

Ifayela Lenkosi

Lapho uvakashela amakhasi e-Inthanethi ekhompyutheni, yonke imininingwane ngesimo sokucinga nomlando igcinwa kumbhalo owodwa wombhalo "Amakhosi". Imvamisa kunquma amagciwane athatha indawo yokufaka edingekayo ekusebenzeni kwi-Intanethi.

Ngokuzenzakalelayo, ifayela litholakala: kumaWindows 7, 8, 10 C: Windows System 32 Abashayeli njll ulivule usebenzisa i-Notepad. Uma uhlelo lokusebenza lufakiwe ku-drive ehlukile, vele ushintshe uhlamvu lokuqala. Uma ungakwazi ukukuthola ngesandla, ungasebenzisa usesho ngokucacisa "njll" kulayini. Le yifolda lapho ifayela litholakala khona.

Ngemuva kokuvula idokhumenti, kufanele ubheke umugqa ongezansi bese ususa okufakiwe okusolisayo, bese ulungisa ukulungisa ngokuchofoza kuthebhu ethi "Ifayela" bese ukhetha inketho ethi "longa".

Kunezimo lapho "AmaHlubi" engakwazi ukuhlelwa. Bese kuba nezinkinga ezilandelayo:

1. Kwifolda 2 yedokhumenti. Kulokhu, udinga ukuthola ifayela lasekuqaleni futhi ulishintshe. Igciwane le-Sham liguqula isandiso ku- "tkht", lona langempela alikho.
2. Ifayela elilahlekile ekhelini elicacisiwe. Lokhu kusho ukuthi leli gciwane lihlikihle idokhumenti, futhi ayikho indlela yokuthola ngendlela ejwayelekile.

Ungabona idokhumenti ngokuya kufolda ethi "Properties", uchofoza inketho ethi "Amathuluzi" kuthebhu bese ukhetha uhlobo lwamafolda. Ungakhethi inketho "Khombisa amafayili afihliwe namafolda", bese uqinisekisa isenzo ngenkinobho "kulungile", ulondoloze umphumela. Ngemuva kwalokhu kwenziwa, ifayela kufanele likhonjiswe, futhi kungenzeka ukulihlela.

Uma ngemuva kwalezi zenzo umsebenzisi engakwazi ukuvula isayithi, khona-ke kukhona indlela ejulile yokuthola ifayili, elenziwa ngentambo yomyalo. Uma uchofoza "Win + R", inketho "Run" iyakhonjiswa, lapho udinga ukushayela u "cmd". Ewindini elivelayo, thayipha "umzila - f", bese uqala kabusha ithuluzi, futhi isayithi kufanele lilayishe.

Umsebenzi we-TCP / IP protocol

Indawo lapho amakheli we-IP agcinwa futhi amisiwe khona abizwa ngokuthi yi-TCP / IP protocol, ixhumeke ngqo kunethiwekhi. Ukusebenza kwe-protocol okungalungile kungadalwa ngamagciwane noma i-malware ngokwenza izinguquko. Ngakho-ke, kufanele uhlole le ndlela ngale ndlela elandelayo:

Vula ifolda ethi "Izixhumanisi Zenethiwekhi", hambisa isikhombisi kwisithonjana sokwamukela okwakhelwe ukuhlela. Ngokuchofoza inkinobho, vula imenyu efanele bese uqhafaza kuthebhu ethi "Properties".

Ngokukhetha "Amanethiwekhi" kusihloko esithi "Izakhi", hlola ibhokisi eliseduze kwesivumelwano se-Inthanethi ngohlobo lwe-4 noma lwe-6. Uma ikheli le-IP selishintshiwe, kufanele ulilungiselele iphrothokholi ye-I P v 4 futhi. Izenzo zimi ngokulandelayo:

• Kuwindows protocol ye-TCP / IP, hlola ibhokisi ukuthi ukuhlelwa nokukhishwa kwe-IP - izingxenye kwenzeka ngokuzenzakalelayo. Yenza okufanayo neseva ye-DNS ngezansi, ulondoloze izinguquko zakho.
• Kuthebhu "Okuthuthukile", kutholakala amapharamitha we-IP, lapho kufanele ukhiphe "irisidi ezenzakalelayo" eceleni kwazo zonke izici. Emkhakheni "we-IP" kanye ne "Subnet mask", faka inani lekheli ledivayisi.

Lapho ushintsha ikheli le-IP lomyalo we-I P v 6 umyalo we-protocol, esinye sezenzo ezilandelayo kufanele senziwe:

1. Maka zonke izinketho ze "zithola ngokuzenzakalela izilungiselelo" kumhlinzeki wesevisi kuphrothokholi ye-DHCP. Gcina umphumela ngokuchofoza inkinobho ethi "Kulungile" kwi-track.
2. Nikeza i-IP emasimini we-IPv ekhelini le-6, lapho udinga ukufaka izinombolo zesiqalo se-subnet kanye nesango eliyinhloko ngamapharamitha wekheli ledivayisi. Ngemuva kokulungisa isenzo ngokuchofoza "Kulungile".

Inkinga nge-DNS server

Ezimweni eziningi, abahlinzeki be-Intanethi badlulisela ama-DNS ngokuzenzakalela. Kepha imvamisa, ngekheli elifakiwe, amakhasi awavuli. Ukuze usethe amapharamitha afanele kanye nekheli le-DNS yezibalo, ungenza lezi zinto ezilandelayo, ezenzelwe iWindows:

• Kwiphaneli, khetha isithonjana se- "Inthanethi Ukuxhuma", iya ku- "Network and Sharing Management" noma "Local Area Connection" yeWindows 10 "Ethernet". Thola ikholomu "Shintsha izilungiselelo ze-adaptha", chofoza isithonjana, ukhetha "Izakhiwo".
• Ngokuxhumeka kwe-Wi-Fi, bheka ithebhu "yokuxhumana okungenantambo ye-Wireless". Okulandelayo, cabanga ngento "I-Internet Protocol Version 4 (TCP / IPv 4)", lapho udinga ukuya ku- "Properties". Bheka ibhokisi eliseduze kwekholamu ethi “Sebenzisa amakheli e-DNS alandelayo” bese ufaka izinombolo: 8.8.8.8, 8.8.4.4 Ngemuva kwalokho, yenza izinguquko.

Ngendlela efanayo, kungenzeka ukuhlela i-DNS ngokushintsha amakheli we-IP kuzilungiselelo ze-router noma zamadivayisi eselula.

Ukulungiswa kweRegistry

Ukusebenza kwe-database yezilungiselelo namaphrofayili wadala, ama-akhawunti, amaphasiwedi agciniwe, ukuxhumana nezinhlelo ezifakiwe kuwukubhaliswa. Ukuyihlanza kuzosusa ugaxekile ngokungadingekile, izinqamuleli ezingeziwe, ukulandelwa kwezinhlelo ezisusiwe, njll. Kepha ngakolunye uhlangothi, amafayela anonya angaba khona endaweni yokugcina. Kunezindlela ezimbili zokuqeda udoti ongadingeki:

Usebenzisa okhiye beWin + R, umugqa we-Run for Windows 7 no-8 ubizwa, futhi ngohlobo 10 ubizwa ngokuthi Thola. Igama elithi "regedit" liqhutshwa kulo bese kuseshwa le folda. Bese uchofoza kufayela elitholile.

Ewindini elivula, udinga ukuthola ithebhu enegama elithi HKEY _ LOCAL _ MACHINE, uyivule ngokulandelana kwezikhundla. Thola i-SOFTWARE Microsoft Windows NT CurrentVersion Windows, futhi esigabeni sokugcina chofoza ku-Applnit _ DLL. Le ivolumu ayinazilinganiselo. Uma ekuvuleni kwayo kuqashelwe umbhalo ohlukile noma izici eziseceleni, kufanele zisuswe bese izinguquko zilondoloziwe.

Enye indlela futhi engenankinga kakhulu yokuhlanza irejista usebenzisa izinhlelo. Enye yezinto ezivame kakhulu yi-CCleaner, yandisa uhlelo ngokususa udoti. Ukufaka uhlelo bese ulungisa inkinga empeleni kuyinto nje yokuchofoza okumbalwa. Ngemuva kokufaka nokusebenzisa ukusetshenziswa, udinga ukuya kuthebhu ethi "Registry", ubheke ibhokisi ngazo zonke izinkinga okungenzeka bese uqala ukuhlaziya. Ngemuva kokutholwa Uhlelo luzobacela ukuthi balungise izinkinga, okuyilokho okudingeka kwenziwe.

Iziphequluli zommeleli

Amafayela anonya atholakale kudivayisi angaguqula izilungiselelo ze-Proxy nezilungiselelo zeseva. Ungayilungisa le nkinga ngokwenza kabusha umsebenzi. Ungakwenza kanjani lokhu kufanele kuhlukaniswe usebenzisa isibonelo sesiphequluli esaziwa kakhulu seYandex:

• Qala isiphequluli ngezinkinobho "Alt + P", ngemuva kokulayisha kufanele ufake "Izilungiselelo", ezikumenyu engakwesokudla.
• Ukuphenya ngamapharamitha, ezansi kuvula ikholomu ethi "Izilungiselelo Ezithuthukile", thola inkinobho ethi "Shintsha izilungiselelo zeseva yommeleli".
• Uma amanani asethelwe ngesandla, futhi umsebenzisi engakwenzanga lokhu, ke uhlelo olubi lusebenze. Kulokhu, hlola amabhokisi aseceleni kwento ethi "Zitholela ngokuzenzakalelayo amapharamitha".
• Isinyathelo esilandelayo ukuskena ikhompyutha yakho ukuthola amagciwane ngokuskena uhlelo. Sula umlando wesiphequluli nenqolobane, uyikhulula kudoti. Ukuze isiphequluli sisebenze kangcono, kufanele usisuse bese usifaka kabusha, bese uqala kabusha ithuluzi.

Kuzo zonke iziphequluli ezaziwayo, uhlelo lokumisa i- "Proxy" luyafana. Ngemuva kokubheka wonke lamapharamitha, umbuzo wokuthi kungani isiphequluli singavuli amanye amasayithi sizonyamalala, bese inkinga ixazululwa.