Sanibonani, bafundi abathandekayo be-pcpro100.info.
Kaningi bangibuza ukuthi kusho ukuthini Izimpawu zesandi se-BIOS uma uvula i-PC. Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola kabanzi imisindo ye-BIOS kuye ngomkhiqizi, amaphutha okungenzeka kakhulu nokuthi uwaqeda kanjani. Njengento ehlukile, ngizokutshela izindlela ezi-4 ezilula zokuthola ukuthi umenzi we-BIOS, futhi futhi angikhumbuze ngemigomo eyisisekelo yokusebenza nge-Hardware.
Ake siqale!
Okuqukethwe
- 1. Yini amasignali we-BIOS anomsindo?
- 2. Ungathola kanjani umenzi we-BIOS
- 2.1. Indlela 1
- 2.2. Indlela yesi-2
- 2.3. Indlela 3
- 2.4. Indlela 4
- 3. Ukuhumusha amasiginali we-BIOS
- 3.1. I-AMI BIOS - Umsindo
- 3.2. I-AWARD BIOS - Izimpawu
- 3.3. I-Phoenix BIOS
- 4. Imisindo ye-BIOS ethandwa kakhulu nencazelo yayo
- 5. Izeluleko zokuxazulula izinkinga ezibalulekile
1. Yini amasignali we-BIOS anomsindo?
Njalo lapho uvula, uzwa ukuthi ikhompiyutha iyancipha kanjani. Imvamisa lokhu ibhungane elilodwa elifushane, okuzwakala kusuka kumandla weyunithi yesistimu. Kusho ukuthi uhlelo lokuhlonza i-POST lokuzihlola luqede ngempumelelo isivivinyo futhi aluzange luthola lutho olungalungile. Ngemuva kwalokho ukulayishwa kohlelo lokusebenza olufakiwe kuqala.
Uma ikhompyutha yakho ingenasipika sohlelo, khona-ke ngeke ulalele imisindo. Lokhu akuyona inkomba yephutha, umenzi nje wedivayisi yakho unqume ukusindisa.
Imvamisa, bengibheka lesi simo ngama-laptops nama-DNS (manje sebekhipha imikhiqizo yabo ngaphansi kwegama lomkhiqizo i-DEXP). "Yini esongela ukushoda kwamandla?" - uyabuza. Kubukeka sengathi kuyisifiso esinjalo, futhi ikhompyutha isebenza kahle ngaphandle kwayo. Kepha uma kungenakwenzeka ukuqala ikhadi levidiyo, ngeke kwenzeke ukukhomba nokulungisa inkinga.
Uma kwenzeka ukungasebenzi kahle, ikhompyutha izokhipha isiginali yomsindo ofanele - ukulandelana okuthile kwezindebe ezinde noma ezimfishane. Usebenzisa imiyalo esebhodini lomama, ungayisusa, kepha ngubani kithi ogcina imiyalo enjalo? Ngakho-ke, kule ndatshana ngikulungiselele amatafula ane-decoding yezimpawu ezizwakalayo ze-BIOS, ezizosiza ekuboneni inkinga bese uyilungisa.
Kumabhodi wesimanjemanje, isipikha sohlelo sakhiwe ngaphakathi
Ukunaka! Konke ukukhohlisa ngokuhlelwa kwekhompyutha kwekhompyutha kufanele kwenziwe uma kunqanyulwa ngokuphelele kuma-mains. Ngaphambi kokuvula icala, qiniseka ukuthi ukhipha ipulaki yamandla esitolo.
2. Ungathola kanjani umenzi we-BIOS
Ngaphambi kokubheka ukumiswa kwemisindo yekhompyutha, udinga ukuthola umenzi we-BIOS, ngoba amasiginali omsindo aqhamuka kuwo ahluka kakhulu.
2.1. Indlela 1
Kunezindlela ezahlukahlukene “zokuhlonza”, ezilula - bheka esibukweni ngesikhathi sokuqalisa. Ngaphezulu kuvame ukuboniswa umenzi kanye nohlobo lwe-BIOS. Ukubamba lo mzuzu, cindezela inkinobho yokumisa okwesikhashana ikhibhodi. Uma esikhundleni solwazi oludingekayo ubona isikrini esichashazi nje somakhi webhodi lomama, cindezela ithebhu.
Abakhiqizi abambili abadumile be-BIOS yi-AWARD ne-AMI.
2.2. Indlela yesi-2
Faka i-BIOS. Mayelana nokuthi ungakwenza kanjani lokhu, ngabhala ngokuningiliziwe lapha. Ngibhekabheka izigaba futhi uthole Ulwazi Lwesistimu. Kufanele kuboniswe inguqulo yamanje ye-BIOS. Futhi engxenyeni engezansi (noma engenhla) yesikrini izokhonjiswa ngumenzi - I-American Megatrends Inc. (AMI), AWARD, Dell, njll.
2.3. Indlela 3
Enye yezindlela ezisheshayo zokuthola ukuthi umenzi we-BIOS ukusebenzisa izinqamuleli zekhibhodi zeWindows + R bese ufaka umyalo we-MSINFO32 emugqeni "Run" ovulayo. Kuzokwethulwa kanjalo Ukusetshenziswa Kwesistimu Yolwazi, ongathola ngalo lonke ulwazi mayelana nokucushwa kwe-computer.
Iqalisa Ukusetshenziswa Kwesistimu YoLwazi
Ungayivula futhi imenyu: Qala -> Zonke izinhlelo -> Izesekeli -> Izinsiza -> Imininingwane Yesistimu
Ungathola umakhi we-BIOS ngokusebenzisa "Ulwazi Lwesistimu"
2.4. Indlela 4
Sebenzisa izinhlelo zabantu abavela eceleni, zichazwe ngokuningiliziwe kule ndatshana. Kusetshenziswa kakhulu CPU-Z, imahhala futhi ilula kakhulu (ungayilanda kuwebhusayithi esemthethweni). Ngemuva kokuqala uhlelo, iya kuthebhu "yeBhodi" futhi esigabeni se-BIOS uzobona lonke ulwazi mayelana nomenzi:
Ungathola kanjani ukuthi umenzi we-BIOS usebenzisa i-CPU-Z
3. Ukuhumusha amasiginali we-BIOS
Ngemuva kokuthola uhlobo lwe-BIOS, singaqala ukukhipha amasiginali womsindo ngokuya ngomenzi. Cabanga ngezinto eziphambili ematafuleni.
3.1. I-AMI BIOS - Umsindo
I-AMI BIOS (American Megatrends Inc.) kusukela ngo-2002 umenzi owaziwa kakhulu emhlabeni. Kuzo zonke izinguqulo, ukuqedwa ngempumelelo kokuzihlola ngokwakho ibhungane elilodwa elifushaneemva kwalokho uhlelo lokufaka olufakiwe luyalayishwa Ezinye izindlela ze-AMI BIOS zibhalwe etafuleni:
| Uhlobo lwesiginali | Ukuhlehlisa |
| 2 amafushane | Iphutha lokulingana le-RAM. |
| 3 amafushane | Iphutha yi-64 KB yokuqala ye-RAM. |
| 4 amafushane | Ukungasebenzi kwesistimu yesistimu. |
| 5 amafushane | Ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-CPU |
| 6 amafushane | Iphutha lesilawuli sekhibhodi. |
| 7 amafushane | Ukungasebenzi kahle kwebhodi. |
| 8 iDemo | Imemori khadi ayisebenzi kahle. |
| 9 iDemo | Iphutha lokuhlola i-BIOS. |
| 10 iDemo | Ayikwazi ukubhala ku-CMOS. |
| 11 iDemo | Iphutha le-RAM. |
| 1 dl + 1 ibhokisi | Ukunikezwa kwamandla kwekhompyutha okungalungile. |
| 1 dl + 2 ibhokisi | Iphutha lekhadi levidiyo, ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-RAM. |
| 1 dl + 3 cor | Iphutha lekhadi levidiyo, ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-RAM. |
| 1 dl + 4 cor | Alikho ikhadi levidiyo. |
| 1 dl + 8 ibhokisi | Ukuqapha akuxhunyiwe, noma izinkinga ngekhadi levidiyo. |
| 3 ubude | Izinkinga ze-RAM, isivivinyo siqediwe ngephutha. |
| I-5 cor + 1 dl | Ayikho i-RAM. |
| Iyaqhubeka | Izinkinga ngokunikezwa kukagesi noma ukushisa ngokweqile kwe-PC. |
Akunandaba noma kungazwakala kangakanani, kepha ngaluleka abangane bami namakhasimende ezimweni eziningi cisha bese uvule ikhompyutha. Yebo, leli ibinzana elijwayelekile elivela kubaxhasi bokuxhaswa obuchwepheshe kusuka kumhlinzeki wakho, kodwa kuyasiza! Kodwa-ke, uma, ngemuva kokuqalisa kabusha okulandelayo, izindlebe zizwakala kusipika ngaphandle kwenhliziyo eyodwa evamile, khona-ke ukungasebenzi kufanele kulungiswe. Ngizokhuluma ngalokhu ekugcineni kwendatshana.
3.2. I-AWARD BIOS - Izimpawu
Kanye ne-AMI, i-AWARD nayo ingomunye wabakhiqizi abaziwa kakhulu be-BIOS. Ama-motherboards amaningi manje ane-6.0PG Phoenix Award BIOS efakiwe. I-interface iyasazi, ungayibiza nangokuthi i-classic, ngoba ayikashintshi iminyaka engaphezu kweshumi. Ngokuningiliziwe nangesixuku sezithombe, ngikhulume nge-AWARD BIOS lapha - //pcpro100.info/nastroyki-bios-v-kartinkah/.
Njenge-AMI, ibhungane elilodwa elifushane I-AWARD BIOS ikhombisa ukuzihlola okuphumelelayo kanye nokuqala kohlelo lokusebenza. Kusho ukuthini eminye imisindo? Sibheke etafuleni:
| Uhlobo lwesiginali | Ukuhlehlisa |
| Kuphindwa okungu-1 | Izinkinga ngogesi. |
| Kuphindwa okungu-1 | Izinkinga nge-RAM. |
| 1 ubude + 1 amafushane | Ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-RAM. |
| 1 okude + 2 okufushane | Iphutha ekhadini levidiyo. |
| 1 omude + 3 omfushane | Izinkinga zekhibhodi. |
| 1 ubude + 9 amafushane | Iphutha ekufundeni idatha kusuka ku-ROM. |
| 2 amafushane | Ukusebenza kabi okuncane |
| 3 ubude | Iphutha lesilawuli sekhibhodi |
| Umsindo oqhubekayo | Amandla kagesi awonakele. |
3.3. I-Phoenix BIOS
I-PHOENIX ine "beeps" enesimo kakhulu; ayibhalwe phansi etafuleni njenge-AMI noma i-AWARD. Etafuleni kukhonjiswa njengokuhlanganiswa kwemisindo nokuphumula. Isibonelo, i-1-1-2 izwakala njenge-beep eyodwa, ikhefu, enye i-beep, ikhefu futhi futhi kanye nezindebe ezimbili.
| Uhlobo lwesiginali | Ukuhlehlisa |
| 1-1-2 | Iphutha le-CPU. |
| 1-1-3 | Ayikwazi ukubhala ku-CMOS. Kungenzeka ukuthi ibhethri seliphelelwe isikhathi phezu kwebhodi. Ukungasebenzi kahle kwebhodi. |
| 1-1-4 | Ukuhlola okungalungile kwe-BIOS ROM. |
| 1-2-1 | Isikhathi esiphazamisayo esingakwazi ukuhleleka singaphazamiseki. |
| 1-2-2 | Iphutha lesilawuli se-DMA. |
| 1-2-3 | Iphutha ukufunda noma ukubhalela isilawuli se-DMA. |
| 1-3-1 | Iphutha Lokuvuselelwa Kwememori. |
| 1-3-2 | Ukuhlolwa kwe-RAM akuqali. |
| 1-3-3 | Isilawuli se-RAM sinephutha. |
| 1-3-4 | Isilawuli se-RAM sinephutha. |
| 1-4-1 | Iphutha lekheli le-RAM. |
| 1-4-2 | Iphutha lokulingana le-RAM. |
| 3-2-4 | Iphutha lokuqalisa lekhibhodi. |
| 3-3-1 | Ibhethri elisebhodini lomama liphelelwe. |
| 3-3-4 | Ukungasebenzi kahle kwekhadi le-Graphics. |
| 3-4-1 | Ukungasebenzi kwe-adaptha yevidiyo. |
| 4-2-1 | Ukungasebenzi kwesistimu yesistimu. |
| 4-2-2 | Iphutha lokuqeda i-CMOS. |
| 4-2-3 | Ukungasebenzi kwesilawuli sekhibhodi. |
| 4-2-4 | Iphutha le-CPU. |
| 4-3-1 | Iphutha ekuhlolweni kwe-RAM. |
| 4-3-3 | Iphutha lesikhathi |
| 4-3-4 | Iphutha ku-RTC. |
| 4-4-1 | Ukwehluleka kwetheku lokuxhuma. |
| 4-4-2 | Ukuhluleka kwetheku elifanayo. |
| 4-4-3 | Izinkinga ku-coprocessor. |
4. Imisindo ye-BIOS ethandwa kakhulu nencazelo yayo
Ngingenza amatafula amaningi ahlukene ngokukuhlelela i-beeps, kepha ngithathe isinqumo sokuthi kungasiza kakhulu ukunaka izitshengiselo zomsindo ezaziwa kakhulu ze-BIOS. Ngakho-ke, yini evame ukuseshwa ngabasebenzisi:
- isibonakaliso esisodwa eside se-BIOS esisodwa - cishe impela lo msindo awubeki kahle, okungukuthi, izinkinga ngekhadi levidiyo. Okokuqala, udinga ukubheka ukuthi ikhadi levidiyo lifakwe ngokuphelele yini kubhodi yomama. Hhawu, usunesikhathi eside kangakanani uhlanza ikhompyutha yakho? Yize kunjalo, esinye sezimbangela zezinkinga zokulayisha singaba uthuli olujwayelekile, oluxhumeke phakathi kokupholile. Kepha emuva ezinkingeni ngekhadi levidiyo. Zama ukuyikhipha futhi uhlanze oxhumana nabo nge-eraser. Ngeke kube yinto engenamsoco ukwenza isiqiniseko sokuthi azikho izinto zemfucumfucu noma izinto ezingaphandle kwezixhumi. Ngabe usathola iphutha? Lapho-ke isimo siyinkimbinkimbi ngokwengeziwe, kuzofanela ukuthi uzame ukubopha ikhompiyutha nge "vidyuhi" ehlanganisiwe (inqobo nje uma ikwibhodi yabomama). Uma ihamba, kusho ukuthi inkinga ikukhadi levidiyo elisusiwe futhi awukwazi ukukwenza ngaphandle kokubuyiselwa.
- isinali eyodwa ye-BIOS ende uma ivuliwe - mhlawumbe inkinga nge-RAM.
- Izimpawu ezi-3 ezimfishane ze-BIOS - Iphutha le-RAM. Yini engenziwa? Susa amamojula we-RAM futhi uhlanze oxhumana nabo nge-eraser, wesula nge-swab yekotoni ehlanganiswe notshwala, zama ukushintshanisa amamojula. Ungasetha kabusha i-BIOS. Uma amamojula we-RAM esebenza, ikhompyutha izoqala.
- Izimpawu ezi-5 ezimfishane ze-BIOS - iprosesa inephutha. Umsindo ongathandeki kakhulu, angithi? Uma ngabe iprosesa lifakiwe kuqala, hlola ukuhambisana kwalo nebhodi yomama. Uma konke kusebenze ngaphambili, kepha manje ikhompiyutha iyancipha njengensika, kuzodingeka uhlole ukuthi oxhumana nabo bahlanzekile yini noma.
- Izimpawu ze-BIOS ezi-4 ezinde - i-RPM ephansi noma i-CPU fan Stop. Yicoce noma uyihlehlise.
- Isiginali engu-1 ende 2 BIOS - inkinga ngekhadi levidiyo noma ukungasebenzi kahle kwezixhumi ze-RAM.
- Izimpawu ze-BIOS ezi-1 ezinde ezi-3 - kungaba yizinkinga ngekhadi levidiyo, noma inkinga ye-RAM, noma iphutha lekhibhodi.
- amasignali amabili amafushane we-BIOS - bona umenzi ukucacisa iphutha.
- amasignali amathathu ama-BIOS amade - izinkinga nge-RAM (ikhambi lenkinga lichazwe ngenhla), noma inkinga ngekhibhodi.
- Izimpawu ze-BIOS zimfushane - udinga ukubheka ukuthi zingaki izifushane.
- ikhompiyutha ayiqhuguli futhi akunasiginali ye-BIOS - ukunikezwa kwamandla akulungile, iprosesa isebenza kanzima noma asikho isipikha sohlelo (bheka ngenhla).
5. Izeluleko zokuxazulula izinkinga ezibalulekile
Ngokwazi kwami engingakusho ukuthi kaningi zonke izinkinga ngokulayisha ikhompyutha zibangelwa ukungathinteki kahle kwamamojula ahlukahlukene, ngokwesibonelo, i-RAM noma ikhadi levidiyo. Futhi, njengoba ngilobe ngenhla, kwezinye izikhathi ukuqalisa phansi kabusha kuyasiza. Kwesinye isikhathi ungayixazulula inkinga ngokusetha kabusha izilungiselelo ze-BIOS kuzilungiselelo zefekthri, uphinde uhlele kabusha, noma usethe kabusha izilungiselelo zebhodi yesistimu.
Ukunaka! Uma ungabaza amakhono akho - kungcono ukunikezela ukuxilongwa nokulungiswa kochwepheshe. Akufanele uzibeke engcupheni, bese usole umbhali waleso sihloko ngalokho okungafanele ukusolwe :)
- Ukuxazulula inkinga kuyadingeka akhiphe module kusuka kusixhumi, susa uthuli bese uphinde uphinde usebenze. Oxhumana nabo bangahlanzwa ngobumnene futhi basulwe ngotshwala. Kuyinto elula ukusebenzisa ibrashi lamazinyo elomile ukuhlanza isixhumi kusuka ukungcola.
- Ungakhohlwa ukuchitha ukuhlolwa okubukwayo. Uma ngabe kukhona okonakele, abe namalahle amnyama noma imichilo, imbangela yezinkinga zokulayisha ikhompyutha izobonakala ngokuphelele.
- Ngiyanikhumbuza futhi ukuthi noma yikuphi ukukhohlisa okuneyunithi yesistimu kufanele kwenziwe kuphela lapho amandla esevaliwe. Khumbula ukususa ugesi omile. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kuzokwanela ukuthatha uhlelo lwekhompyutha ngezandla zombili.
- Ungathinti kufinyelela iziphetho ze-chips.
- Ungasebenzisi izinsimbi zensimbi nezikhulukazi ukuze uhlanze oxhumana nabo bamamojula we-RAM noma ikhadi levidiyo. Ngale njongo, ungasebenzisa iraba elithambile.
- Soberly hlola amakhono akho. Uma ikhompyutha yakho ingaphansi kwewaranti, kungcono ukusebenzisa izinsizakalo zesikhungo senkonzo kunokugaya ubuchopho bomshini ngokwakho.
Uma unemibuzo - buza kumazwana akulesi sihloko, sizokuqonda!
