Ukukhetha iprosesa lekhompyutha

Kuyadingeka ukusondela ekukhetheni kweprosesa eliphakathi lekhompyutha elinomthwalo wemfanelo omkhulu, njengoba Ukusebenza kwezinye izingxenye eziningi zekhompyutha kuncike kwikhwalithi ekhethwe yi-CPU.

Kuyadingeka ukuhlanganisa amakhono we-PC yakho nedatha yemodeli ye-processor oyifunayo. Uma uthatha isinqumo sokuzakhela ikhompiyutha, khona-ke okokuqala kunquma kwakho ku-processor kanye ne-motherboard. Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuze kugwenywe izindleko ezingadingekile ukuthi akuwona wonke ama-motherboards asekela amaprosesa anamandla.

Imininingwane okudingeka uyazi

Imakethe yesimanje isilungele ukuhlinzeka ngezinketho eziningi zephrosesa eliphakathi - kusuka kuma-CPU enzelwe ukusebenza okungaphansi, amadivaysi eselula kuya kumakhompiyutha wokusebenza okuphezulu wezikhungo zedatha. Nawa amanye amathiphu wokukusiza wenze isinqumo esifanele:

• Khetha umenzi omethembayo. Kukhona amaprosesa we-processor wasekhaya amabili kuphela emakethe namuhla - i-Intel ne-AMD. Imininingwane engaphezulu ngezinzuzo zazo ngazinye ichazwe ngezansi.
• Ungabheki imvamisa kuphela. Kunombono wokuthi imvamisa yiyona nto esemqoka ekusebenzeni kwayo, kepha lokhu akulona iqiniso ngokuphelele. Le pharamitha iphinde ithonywe kakhulu yinani lama-cores, ijubane lokufunda nokubhala imininingwane, kanye nenkumbulo yenqolobane.
• Ngaphambi kokuthenga iprosesa, thola ukuthi ngabe i-motherboard yakho iyayixhasa.
• Ukuze uthole iprosesa enamandla, uzodinga ukuthenga uhlelo lokupholisa. Lapho i-CPU inamandla kakhulu nezinye izinto, iphakama kakhulu izidingo zalolu hlelo.
• Nakani ukuthi kungakanani ongakusebenzisa ngaphezulu kwe processor. Njengomthetho, amaprosesa ashibhile, okuqala angabi nazimpawu eziphakeme, angabuyiselwa ezingeni le-CPU yama-premium.

Ngemuva kokuthenga iprosesa, ungakhohlwa ukufaka igrisi eshisayo kuyo - lokhu kuyimfuneko edingekayo. Kungcono ukuthi ungagcini kuleli phuzu futhi uthenge ngokushesha ukunamathisela okuvamile, okuzohlala isikhathi eside.

Isifundo: ungayifaka kanjani igrisi eshisayo

Khetha umenzi

Kukhona ezimbili kuphela zazo - i-Intel ne-AMD. Zombili zikhiqiza ama-processor ama-PC we-desktop kanye namalaptop, noma kunjalo, kunomehluko omkhulu phakathi kwawo.

Mayelana ne-Intel

I-Intel inikeza abathengisi abanamandla nabanokwethenjelwa impela, kepha ngasikhathi sinye intengo yabo iphakeme kakhulu emakethe. Ubuchwepheshe besimanje kakhulu busetshenziswa ekukhiqizeni, okuvumela ukonga ohlelweni lokupholisa. Ama-Intel CPUs awavamisile ukweqile, ngakho-ke amamodeli wokuphela aphezulu kuphela adinga uhlelo oluhle lokupholisa. Ake sibheke izinzuzo ze-Intel processors:

• Ukusatshalaliswa okuhle kwezinsiza. Ukusebenza ohlelweni olunamandla lwensiza kuphakeme (inqobo nje uma kungenjalo olunye uhlelo olunezidingo ezifanayo ze-CPU alusaqhubeki), ngoba wonke amandla eprosesa adluliselwa kuwo.
• Ngeminye imidlalo yanamuhla, imikhiqizo ye-Intel isebenza kangcono.
• Ukusebenzisana okuthuthukile ne-RAM, okusheshisa uhlelo lonke.
• Kubanikazi be-laptop, kunconywa ukukhetha lo mkhiqizi, njengoba amaprosesa ayo adla amandla amancane, aqinile futhi awashisi kangako.
• Izinhlelo eziningi zenzelwe ukusebenza nge-Intel.

Umthengi:

• Amaphrosesa we-Multitasking lapho esebenza nezinhlelo eziyinkimbinkimbi ashiya ukufiseleka kakhulu.
• Kukhona "ukukhokha ngokweqile komkhiqizo."
• Uma udinga ukufaka esikhundleni se-CPU entsha, khona-ke kukhona amathuba aphezulu okuthi kuzodingeka ukuthi uguqule ezinye izinto kwikhompyutha (isibonelo, ibhodi lomama), ngoba Ama-CPU aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kungenzeka angahambelani nezinye izinto ezindala.
• Amathuba amancane okweqile aqhathaniswa nomuntu ancintisana naye.

Mayelana ne-AMD

Lesi ngomunye umshini weprosesa ophethe isabelo semakethe esilingana ne-Intel. Kubhekiswe kakhulu kusabelomali nakwisabelomali sebanga eliphakathi, kepha futhi sikhiqiza amamodeli we-top-end processor. Izinzuzo eziphambili zalo mkhiqizi:

• Inani lemali. "Ukukhokhela ngaphezulu komkhiqizo" esimweni se-AMD ngeke kudingeke.
• Amathuba amahle wokuthuthukisa ukusebenza. Ungamisa i-processor ngo-20% wamandla okuqala, futhi ulungise nogesi.
• Imikhiqizo ye-AMD isebenza kahle kwimodi ye-multitasking ngokuqhathaniswa nabalingani be-Intel.
• Imikhiqizo eminingi yesikhulumi Iprosesa ye-AMD izosebenza ngaphandle kwezinkinga nanoma yiliphi ibhodi lomama, i-RAM, ikhadi levidiyo.

Kepha imikhiqizo evela kulo mkhiqizi inezingqinamba zazo:

• Ama-CPU we-AMD awathembekile ngokuphelele uma uqhathaniswa ne-Intel. Amabhubu ajwayelekile kakhulu, ikakhulukazi uma iprosesa selivele lineminyaka eminingana.
• Ama-processor we-AMD (amamodeli anamandla noma amamodeli asethulwe umsebenzisi) asha kakhulu, ngakho-ke kufanele ucabangele ukuthenga uhlelo oluhle lokupholisa.
• Uma une-adaptha yemifanekiso eyakhelwe ngaphakathi evela ku-Intel, bese ulungela izindaba zokuhambisana.

Ubaluleke kangaki imvamisa nenombolo yamakhorali

Kunombono wokuthi ama-cores namafrikhwensi amaningi anawo, uhlelo olungcono nolushesha lusebenza. Lesi sitatimende siyiqiniso ngokwengxenye, ngoba uma une-processor eyi-8-core processor efakiwe, kepha ngokubambisana ne-HDD, khona-ke ukusebenza kuyabonakala kuphela ezinhlelweni ezifunwayo (futhi lokho akulona iqiniso).

Ngomsebenzi ojwayelekile ekhompyutheni nasemidlalweni kuzilungiselelo eziphakathi nendawo eziphansi, iprosesa yezingama-2-2 ngokubambisana ne-SSD enhle izokwanela. Lokhu kulungiswa kuzokujabulisa ngesivinini esipheqululini, kuzinhlelo zokusebenza zehhovisi, ngemidwebo elula nokucutshungulwa kwevidiyo. Uma esikhundleni se-CPU ejwayelekile enama-cores angama-2-2 kanye neyunithi enamandla eyi-8-core efakiwe kule phakethe, ukusebenza okuhle kuzotholwa emidlalweni esindayo ngisho naku-Ultra-izilungiselelo (yize okuningi kuzoncika ekhadini levidiyo).

Futhi, uma unokukhetha phakathi kwama processor amabili ngokusebenza okufanayo, kepha amamodeli ahlukile, uzodinga ukubuka imiphumela yokuhlolwa okuhlukahlukene. Kumamodeli amaningi wama-CPU anamuhla, angatholakala kalula kuwebhusayithi yomenzi.

Yini elindeleke kuma-CPUs ezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zamanani

Isimo sentengo samanje simi ngokulandelayo:

• Amaphrosesa ashibhile emakethe anikezwa i-AMD kuphela. Zingaba zihle ngokusebenza ngezicelo ezilula zehhovisi, ngokusebenzisa i-net net nemidlalo enjengeSolitaire. Noma kunjalo, okuningi kuleli cala kuzoncika ekucushweni kwe-PC. Isibonelo, uma une-RAM encane, i-HDD ebuthakathaka futhi ngaphandle kwe-adaptha yehluzo, khona-ke awukwazi ukubheka ukusebenza kwesistimu okuyiyo.
• Ama-processor ebanga eliphakathi. Lapha usungabona amamodeli akhiqizayo avela ku-AMD namamodeli ngokusebenza okumaphakathi kusuka ku-Intel. Kwabangaphambili, uhlelo lokupholisa oluthembekile luyadingeka ngaphandle kokuhluleka, izindleko zalo zingasusa izinzuzo zamanani aphansi. Esimweni sesibili, ukusebenza kuzoba okuphansi, kepha iprosesa izoqina. Okuningi, futhi, kuya ngokucushwa kwe-PC noma i-laptop.
• Amaprosesa asezingeni eliphakeme lesigaba esiphakeme. Kulokhu, izici zemikhiqizo ezivela ku-AMD naku-Intel zilingana.

Mayelana nohlelo lokuphola

Amanye ama-processor angafika ngohlelo lokupholisa kit, olubizwa ngokuthi Umdlalo wamanqindi. Akunconyelwe ukuthi ushintshe uhlelo "lwendabuko" lube yi-analog oluvela komunye umenzi, noma ngabe lusebenza kangcono umsebenzi walo. Iqiniso ngukuthi izinhlelo "zebhokisi" zivumelaniswa kangcono ne-processor yakho futhi azidingi ukucushwa okungathi sína.

Uma i-CPU cores iqale ukugcwala, ngakho-ke kungcono ukufaka uhlelo olwengeziwe lokupholisa kulolo olukhona. Kuzoba eshibhile, futhi nengozi yokulimala kokuthile izokwehla.

Uhlelo lokupholisa olunebhokisi kusuka ku-Intel lubi kakhulu kune-AMD, ngakho-ke kunconywa ukuthi unake ngokukhethekile amaphutha alo. Iziqeshana zakhiwa ikakhulukazi ngopulasitiki, nazo ezisindayo kakhulu. Lokhu kubangela inkinga enjalo - uma iprosesa kanye ne-heatsink efakwe ebhodini elishibhile labesifazane, khona-ke kukhona ingozi yokuthi "bayigobise", bayenze ingabonakali. Ngakho-ke, uma usayikhetha i-Intel, khetha amabhodi we-mama asezingeni eliphakeme kuphela. Kunenye futhi inkinga - ngokushisa okuqinile (okungaphezu kwama-100 degrees), iziqeshana zingamane zincibilike. Ngenhlanhla, okushisa okunjalo akuvamile kwimikhiqizo ye-Intel.

AmaReds enza uhlelo olungcono lokupholisa oluneziqeshana zensimbi. Ngaphandle kwalokhu, uhlelo lunesisindo esingaphansi komlingani walo ovela ku-Intel. Futhi, ukwakheka kwama-radiators kukuvumela ukuthi uwafake kubhodi ye-mama ngaphandle kwezinkinga, kuyilapho ukuxhumeka kwebhodi lomama kuzoba kaningana kangcono, okuqeda amathuba wokonakalisa ibhodi. Kodwa kufanelekile ukubheka ukuthi ama-processor we-AMD afudumeza ngaphezulu, ngakho-ke ama-heatsinks anezinga eliphakeme kakhulu anesidingo.

Ama-processor e-Hybrid anekhadi lemidwebo elihlanganisiwe

Zombili lezi zinkampani zibandakanyeka ekukhishweni kwama-processor, anekhadi levidiyo elakhelwe ngaphakathi (APU). Kuliqiniso, ukusebenza kokugcina kuphansi kakhulu futhi sekwanele ukwenza imisebenzi elula yansuku zonke - ukusebenza kwizicelo zehhovisi, ukusebenzisa i-Intanethi, ukubuka amavidiyo kanye nemidlalo enganciphisi. Kuyiqiniso, kunezinqubo eziphambili ze-APU ezisetshenziswayo emakethe, ezinsizakusebenza zazo zanele ngisho nomsebenzi wobuchwepheshe kubahleli bezithombe, ukucutshungulwa kwevidiyo elula, kanye nokwethulwa kwemidlalo yanamuhla enezilungiselelo ezincane.

Ama-CPU anjalo abiza kakhulu futhi afudumeza ngokushesha okukhulu ngokuqhathaniswa nozakwabo abajwayelekile. Kufanele futhi kukhunjulwe ukuthi esimweni sekhadi levidiyo elihlanganisiwe, alisebenzisi imemori yevidiyo eyakhelwe ngaphakathi, kepha uhlobo lokusebenza lwe-DDR3 noma i-DDR4. Kuyalandela ukuthi ukusebenza kuzoncika ngqo kwinani le-RAM. Kodwa noma ngabe i-PC yakho ifakwe inqwaba yama-GB we-DDR4 uhlobo lwe-RAM (uhlobo olushesha kakhulu namuhla), ikhadi elihlanganisiwe alifaneki ngokuqhathaniswa ekusebenzeni kusixazululo sehluzo ngisho kusuka esigabeni samanani aphakathi.

Into ukuthi imemori yevidiyo (noma ngabe i-GB eyodwa kuphela) ishesha kakhulu kune-RAM, ngoba ugxile ekusebenzeni ngehluzo.

Noma kunjalo, iprosesa le-APU ngokubambisana ngisho nekhadi levidiyo elibiza kancane liyakwazi ukujabulisa ngokusebenza okuphezulu emidlalweni yesimanje ngezilungiselelo eziphansi noma eziphakathi. Kepha kulokhu, kufanele ucabange ngohlelo lokupholisa (ikakhulukazi uma iprosesa kanye / noma i-adaptha yehluzo esuka ku-AMD), ngoba izinsiza zama-radiators ezakhelwe ngaphakathi zingahle zinganele. Kungcono ukuhlola umsebenzi bese, kususelwa emiphumeleni, unqume ukuthi uhlelo lokupholisa lwendabuko “alupheli noma cha.

Yimaphi ama-APU angcono? Kuze kube muva nje, i-AMD ibingumholi kule ngxenye, kepha kule minyaka embalwa edlule isimo sesiqale ukuguquka, futhi imikhiqizo ye-AMD ne-Intel evela kulesi sigaba icishe ilingane ngokwemibandela yamandla. AmaBlues azama ukuthatha ukwethenjwa, kepha ngasikhathi sinye, isilinganiso sokusebenza kwentengo sincane. Ungathola iprosesa elikhiqizayo le-APU kusuka kuma-Reds ngentengo ephakeme kakhulu, kepha abasebenzisi abaningi bathola ama-APU chips wesabelomali kulo mkhiqizi ongathembekile.

Amaprosesa ahlanganisiwe

Ukuthenga i-motherboard lapho iprosesa selivele lithengisiwe ndawonye nohlelo lokupholisa kusiza umthengi ukuqeda zonke izinhlobo zezinkinga zokuhambisana futhi asindise nesikhathi, ngoba konke okudingayo sekuvele kwakhiwe ebhodini lomama. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isixazululo esinjalo asishayi isabelomali.

Kepha kunezithiyo zakho ezibalulekile:

• Ayikho indlela yokuthuthukisa. Iprosesa ethengiswa kubhodi ye-mama izophela kungekudala, kodwa ukuze uyisuse esikhundleni, kuzodingeka ukuthi ushintshe ngokuphelele i-motherboard.
• Amandla we-processor, ahlanganiswe kwi-motherboard ashiya ukufiseleka kakhulu, ngakho-ke ukudlala imidlalo yesimanje noma kuzilungiselelo ezisezingeni eliphansi ngeke kusebenze. Kodwa isixazululo esinjalo empeleni asenzi umsindo futhi sithatha isikhala esincane kakhulu kuhlelo lwesistimu.
• Ama-motherboards anjalo awunazo izindawo eziningi zokushayela ze-RAM ne-HDD / SSD.
• Uma kwenzeka kwenzeka noma ikuphi ukuwohloka okuncane, ikhompyutha kuzofanele ilungiswe noma (cishe) ithathe isikhundla sebhodi yabomama ngokuphelele.

Amaprosesa ambalwa athandwayo

Abasebenzi bakahulumeni abahle kakhulu:

• Ama-Intel Celeron processors (G3900, G3930, G1820, G1840) angama-Intel abiza kakhulu i-CPU. Zine-adaptha yemifanekiso eyakhelwe ngaphakathi. Kukhona amandla anele omsebenzi wansuku zonke kuzinhlelo zokusebenza ezingakheki nemidlalo.



• Intel i3-7100, Intel Pentium G4600 abiza kancane futhi anamandla ama-CPU. Kunezinhlobonhlobo ezingena futhi ngaphandle kwe-adaptha yehluzo ezihlanganisiwe. Ilungele imisebenzi yansuku zonke nemidlalo yesimanje enezilungiselelo ezincane. Futhi, amakhono abo azoba anele emsebenzini wobungcweti ngemifanekiso kanye nokusebenza kwevidiyo okulula.



• I-AMD A4-5300 ne-A4-6300 ezinye zezinkampani ezishibhile kakhulu emakethe. Kuliqiniso, ukusebenza kwabo kushiya kufiseleka kakhulu, kepha kum "typewriter" ojwayelekile kwanele.



• I-AMD Athlon X4 840 ne-X4 860K - lawa ma-CPU anama-cores ama-4, kepha awunayo ikhadi levidiyo elihlanganisiwe. Benza umsebenzi omuhle kakhulu wemisebenzi yansuku zonke, uma benekhadi levidiyo eliphakeme kakhulu, bangakwazi ukubhekana nalezi zesimanje emazingeni aphakathi noma aphezulu.

Ama-processor ebanga eliphakathi:

• I-Intel Core i5-7500 ne-i5-4460 yizinqubo ezinhle ze-4-core, ezivame ukuhlomethwe ngamakhompyutha hhayi okubiza kakhulu. Azinayo i-chipset ye-graphic eyakhelwe ngaphakathi, ngakho-ke ungadlala noma yimuphi umdlalo omusha ngeveli noma ngekhwalithi ephezulu kuphela uma unekhadi lemifanekiso elihle.



• I-AMD FX-8320 yi-8-core CPU ebhekana nemidlalo yanamuhla nemisebenzi eyinkimbinkimbi njengokuhlelwa kwevidiyo nokwenziwa kwe-3D. Izici zifana ne-processor ephezulu, kepha kunezinkinga ngokuqunjelwa ukushisa okuphezulu.

Ama-processor we-TOP:

• I-Intel Core i7-7700K ne-i7-4790K iyisisombululo esihle kakhulu sekhompiyutha yokudlala nakulabo abasebenza ngokuhlanganyela ekuhlelweni kwevidiyo kanye / noma kumodeli ye-3D. Ukuze usebenze kahle, udinga ikhadi levidiyo leleveli efanele.



• I-AMD FX-9590 iprosesa ebomvu enamandla ngokwedlulele. Uma kuqhathaniswa nemodeli yangaphambilini evela ku-Intel, ithobeka kancane kuyo ekusebenzeni emidlalweni, kepha ngokuvamile amandla alingana, ngenkathi intengo iphansi kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, le processor isishisa kakhulu.
• I-Intel Core i7-6950X yiprosesa elinamandla futhi elibiza kakhulu kuma-PC wasekhaya namuhla.
  Ngokusekelwe kule datha, kanye nezidingo zakho namakhono akho, ungazikhethela iprosesa efanele wena.

Uma uqoqa ikhompiyutha kusuka ekuqaleni, kungcono ukuthenga iprosesa ekuqaleni, bese-ke ezinye izinto ezibalulekile kuyo - ikhadi levidiyo nekhadibhodi.