Ukubalwa kokwehluka ku-Microsoft Excel

Ukubala umehluko kungenye yezenzo ezaziwa kakhulu ngezibalo. Kepha lokhu kubalwa akusetshenziswanga isayensi kuphela. Sihlala sikwenza, ngaphandle kokucabanga, empilweni yansuku zonke. Isibonelo, ukuze kubalwe ushintsho kusuka ekuthengeni esitolo, ukubalwa kokuthola umehluko phakathi kwenani umthengi alinikeze umthengisi nenani lezimpahla nalo liyasetshenziswa. Ake sibheke ukubala umehluko ku-Excel lapho usebenzisa amafomethi wedatha ahlukile.

Ukubalwa komehluko

Uma ucabanga ukuthi i-Excel isebenza ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene zedatha, lapho kususwa inani elilodwa kwelinye, kusetshenziswa amafomula ahlukahlukene. Kepha ngokuvamile, onke angancishiswa abe uhlobo olulodwa:

X = A-B

Futhi manje ake sibheke ukuthi singasusa kanjani amanani wezindlela ezahlukahlukene: izinombolo, imali, usuku nesikhathi.

Indlela yoku-1: Ukukhipha izinombolo

Ngokushesha ake sibheke inketho evame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu yokubala umehluko, okungukuthi, ukukhipha amanani amanani. Ngalezi zinhloso, ku-Excel ungafaka ifomula ejwayelekile yezibalo ngesibonakaliso "-".

1. Uma udinga ukwenza okujwayelekile ukususa izinombolo usebenzisa i-Excel njengekhalori, bese usetha iseli esitokisini "=". Ngemuva kwalokho, masisha ngemuva kwalesi siginali, bhala inombolo eyehlisiwe kusuka kukhibhodi, ubeke uphawu "-"bese ubhala okuqanjiwe. Uma kune-eductibles eminingana, lapho-ke udinga ukufaka uphawu futhi "-" bese ubhala inombolo edingekayo. Inqubo yokushintshanisa uphawu nezinombolo zezibalo kufanele yenziwe kuze kube yilapho yonke leyo nto isuswe. Isibonelo, ukusuka 10 khipha 5 futhi 3, udinga ukubhala ifomula elandelayo entweni yokusebenzela i-Excel:

   =10-5-3

   Ngemuva kokuqopha le nkulumo, ukubonisa umphumela wokubala, chofoza inkinobho Ngena.



2. Njengoba ukwazi ukubona, umphumela uyakhonjiswa. Ilingana nenombolo 2.

Kepha kaningi kakhulu, inqubo yokukhipha ku-Excel isetshenziswa phakathi kwezinombolo ezibekwe kumaseli. Ngasikhathi sinye, i-algorithm yesenzo sezibalo ngokwayo ihlala icishe ingashintshiwe, manje kuphela esikhundleni sezisho ezithile zenombolo, izinkomba zenziwa kumaseli lapho zitholakala khona. Umphumela uboniswa entweni ehlukile yeshidi, lapho uphawu lubekwe khona. "=".

Ake sibheke ukubala umehluko phakathi kwezinombolo 59 futhi 26etholakala ngokulandelana kwezakhi zeshidi ngezixhumanisi A3 futhi C3.

1. Sikhetha into engenalutho yencwadi esihlela ukubonisa ngayo umphumela wokubala umehluko. Sibeka kuyo uphawu "=". Ngemuva kwalokho chofoza kuseli A3. Sibeka uphawu "-". Okulandelayo, chofoza kwinto eshidi. C3. Encwadini eshidi yokukhipha umphumela, ifomula elandelayo kufanele ivele:

   = A3-C3

   Njengasesimweni esidlule, ukubonisa umphumela esikrinini, chofoza inkinobho Ngena.



2. Njengoba ubona, kulokhu, ukubalwa kwaphumelela. Umphumela wesibalo ulingana nenombolo 33.

Kepha eqinisweni, kwezinye izimo kuyadingeka ukwenza okukhishwayo, lapho amanani womabili ngokwawo kanye nezixhumanisi zamaseli lapho zitholakala kuzoba nengxenye. Ngakho-ke, kungenzeka ukuthi uhlangane nesisho, ngokwesibonelo, sefomu elilandelayo:

= A3-23-C3-E3-5

Isifundo: Ungasusa kanjani inombolo kusuka kunombolo ese-Excel

Indlela 2: ifomethi yemali

Ukubalwa kwamanani ngefomethi yemali empeleni akuhlukile kunokwenombolo. Kusetshenziswa amasu afanayo, ngoba, ngobukhulu, le fomethi ingenye yezinketho zenombolo. Umehluko kuphela ukuthi ekugcineni kwenani elibandakanyekile ekubalweni, kusetshenziswe uphawu lwezimali lwemali ethile.

1. Empeleni, ungafeza ukusebenza, njengokususa okujwayelekile kwezinombolo, bese kuphela lapho ufometha umphumela wokugcina wefomethi yemali. Ngakho-ke, senza ukubala. Isibonelo, khipha ku 15 inombolo 3.



2. Ngemuva kwalokho, sichofoza ku-sheet sheet equkethe umphumela. Kumenyu, khetha inani "Ifomethi yeseli ...". Esikhundleni sokubiza imenyu yokuqukethwe, ungasebenzisa ama-keytroke ngemuva kokukhethwa I-Ctrl + 1.



3. Ngokukodwa kokukhetha okubili, iwindows yokufometha yethulwa. Siqhubekela esigabeni "Inombolo". Eqenjini "Amafomethi ezinombolo" inketho kufanele iphawulwe "Imali". Ngaso leso sikhathi, izinkambu ezikhethekile zizovela engxenyeni efanele yesibonisi sewindows lapho ungakhetha khona uhlobo lwemali nenombolo yezindawo zezimali. Uma uneWindows ngokuvamile ne-Microsoft Office ikakhulukazi, eyenzelwe iRussia, khona-ke ngokuzenzakalelayo kufanele kube kukholamu "Igama" uphawu lwe-ruble, futhi enkombeni ye-decimal inani "2". Esikhathini esiningi samacala, lezi zilungiselelo azidingi ukushintshwa. Kepha, uma usadinga ukwenza ukubala ngamadola noma ngaphandle kwama-decimals, kuzodingeka wenze ushintsho oludingekayo.

   Ngemuva kokuthi zonke izinguquko ezidingekayo zenziwe, chofoza "Kulungile".



4. Njengoba ukwazi ukubona, umphumela wokukhipha esitokisini uguqulwe waba yifomethi yemali enenombolo elungiselelwe yezindawo zamadesimali.

Kukhona enye inketho yokufomatha umphumela wokudonswa kwemali yimali. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kubambo kubhebhu "Ikhaya" chofoza unxantathu ngakwesokunene senkambu yokubonisa yohlobo lwamanje lweseli eqenjini lamathuluzi "Inombolo". Ukusuka ohlwini oluvulayo, khetha inketho "Imali". Amanani ezinombolo azoguqulwa abe yimali. Kuliqiniso, kuleli cala akukho amathuba wokukhetha imali nenani lezindawo ezinedesimali. Inketho esethwe ngokuzenzakalelayo ohlelweni izosetshenziswa, noma ihlelwe ngewindows ukufometha echazwe ngenhla.

Uma ubala umehluko phakathi kwamanani asemaseli asevele afomethwe ifomethi yemali, ukufometha kwento eshidi ukubonisa umphumela akudingekile. Izofakwa ngokuzenzakalela kwifomethi efanelekile ngemuva kokufakwa ifomula nezixhumanisi zezinto eziqukethe izinombolo ezincishisiwe nezisushiwe, futhi ngokuchofoza kwenziwa enkinobheni Ngena.

Isifundo: Ungashintsha kanjani ifomethi yeseli ku-Excel

Indlela 3: izinsuku

Kepha ukubalwa komehluko wezinsuku kunama-nuances abalulekile ahlukile kunketho zangaphambili.

1. Uma sidinga ukususa inani elithile lezinsuku kusukela ngosuku olukhonjiswe kwenye yezinto ezisekeshini, okokuqala-ke sibeka uphawu "=" entweni lapho umphumela wokugcina uzokhonjiswa khona. Ngemuva kwalokho chofoza ku-sheet sheet lapho kufakwa khona usuku. Ikheli lakhona lizovela kwinto ekhishwayo naku-bar formula. Ngokulandelayo sibeka uphawu "-" futhi ushayela ngenombolo yezinsuku ezizothathwa kukhibhodi. Ukuze wenze ukubala uchofoze Ngena.



2. Umphumela uboniswa kuseli elikhethwe yithina. Ngasikhathi sinye, ifomethi yayo iguqulwa ngokuzenzakalelayo ifomethi yosuku. Ngakho-ke, sithola usuku olukhonjiswe ngokuphelele.

Kunesimo sokubuyela emuva lapho kudingeka ukuthi kususwe okunye kusuka kusuku olulodwa futhi kunqume umehluko phakathi kwabo ngezinsuku.

1. Setha umlingiswa "=" esitokisini lapho umphumela uzokhonjiswa khona. Ngemuva kwalokho, chofoza kuhlobo lweshidi, eliqukethe usuku lwamuva. Ngemuva kokuthi ikheli lakhe likhonjiswe kwifomula, faka uphawu "-". Chofoza kuseli equkethe usuku lokuqala. Bese uqhafaza Ngena.



2. Njengoba ukwazi ukubona, uhlelo lubalwe ngokunembile inani lezinsuku phakathi kwezinsuku ezichaziwe.

Umehluko phakathi kwezinsuku ungabalwa futhi usebenzisa umsebenzi ISANDLA. Kuhle ngoba kukuvumela ukuthi ulungiselele, ngosizo lwengxabano eyengeziwe, lapho izilinganiselo zokulinganisa umehluko zizokhonjiswa khona: izinyanga, izinsuku, njll. Okubi ngale ndlela ukuthi ukusebenza nemisebenzi kuseyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu kunangefomula evamile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, opharetha ISANDLA akubhalwanga Umsebenzi Wizards, futhi ngenxa yalokho kuyodingeka ukuthi uyifake usebenzisa i-syntax elandelayo:

= DATE (qala_ usuku; ukuphela_ kosuku; iyunithi)

"Usuku lokuqala" - Ingxabano emele idethi yokuqala noma isixhumanisi sayo esisendaweni ethile ephepheni.

Usuku lokuphela - Lokhu kungukuphikisana ngesimo sosuku lwamuva noma ireferensi kulo.

Ukuphikisana okuthakazelisa kakhulu "Iyunithi". Ngayo, ungakhetha inketho yokuthi umphumela uzokhonjiswa kanjani. Ingashintshwa kusetshenziswa amanani alandelayo:

• "d" - umphumela ukhonjiswa ngezinsuku;
• "m" - ezinyangeni ezigcwele;
• "y" - ngeminyaka ephelele;
• "YD" - umehluko ngezinsuku (ngaphandle kweminyaka);
• "MD" - umehluko ngezinsuku (ngaphandle kwezinyanga neminyaka);
• "Ym" - umehluko ezinyangeni.

Ngakho-ke, kithi, sidinga ukubala umehluko ngezinsuku phakathi kukaMeyi 27 noMashi 14, 2017. Lezi zinsuku zitholakala kumaseli ngokuhlangana B4 futhi D4, ngokulandelana. Sibeka isikhombisi kunoma iyiphi into eshidi engenalutho lapho sifuna ukubona khona imiphumela yokubala, bese sibhala ifomula elandelayo:

= IHANDLE (D4; B4; "d")

Qhafaza Ngena futhi uthole umphumela wokugcina wokubala umehluko 74. Ngempela, phakathi kwalezi zinsuku kulele izinsuku ezingama-74.

Uma kudingeka ukukhipha izinsuku ezifanayo, kodwa ngaphandle kokuzifaka kumaseli eshidi, khona-ke kuleli cala sisebenzisa ifomula elandelayo:

= HANDLE ("03/14/2017"; "05/27/2017"; "d")

Cindezela inkinobho futhi Ngena. Njengoba ukwazi ukubona, umphumela uyafana ngokwemvelo, utholakala kuphela ngendlela eyehlukile.

Isifundo: Inani lezinsuku phakathi kwamadethi e-Excel

Indlela 4: isikhathi

Manje sifika ekutadisheni kwe-algorithm yesikhathi sokukhipha ku-Excel. Isisekelo esiyisisekelo sihlala sifana nalapho sikhipha izinsuku. Kuyadingeka ukususa okwedlule esikhathini esizayo.

1. Ngakho-ke, sibhekene nomsebenzi wokuthola ukuthi sekudlule imizuzu emingaki ukusuka ku-15: 13 kuya ku-22:55. Sibhala amanani la wesikhathi ngamaseli ahlukile eshidini. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi ngemuva kokufaka idatha, izinto zeseshidi zizofakwa ngokuzenzakalela kokuqukethwe uma zingazange zifomethwe ngaphambili. Ngaphandle kwalokho, kuzodingeka zifomethiwe ngesandla sosuku. Esitokisini lapho umphumela wokukhishwa uzokhonjiswa khona, beka uphawu "=". Ngemuva kwalokho sichofoza kulokho okuqukethe ngokuhamba kwesikhathi (22:55). Ngemuva kokuthi ikheli liboniswe kwifomula, faka uphawu "-". Manje chofoza into eshidini lapho isikhathi sangaphambilini sitholakala khona (15:13) Esimweni sethu, sathola ifomula lefomu:

   = C4-E4

   Ukuze wenze ukubala, chofoza Ngena.



2. Kepha, njengoba sibona, umphumela ukhonjiswe okuncane ngendlela ebesikufuna ngayo. Sidinga kuphela umehluko emaminithini, futhi kwavela amahora angama-7 imizuzu engama-42.

   Ukuze sithole amaminithi, kufanele siphindaphinde umphumela wangaphambilini yiwo lowo mgubho 1440. Lokhu kuhlangana kutholakala ngokuphindaphindeka kwenombolo yemizuzu ngehora (60) namahora ngosuku (24).

Ngakho-ke, setha uphawu "=" esitokisini esingenalutho eshidini. Ngemuva kwalokho, sichofoza kuleyo nto eshidini lapho umehluko wokususa isikhathi utholakala khona (7:42) Ngemuva kokuthi izixhumanisi zalesi seli ziboniswe kwifomula, chofoza uphawu zande (*) kukhibhodi, bese siyithayipha siyibhale 1440. Ukuthola umphumela, chofoza Ngena.



3. Kepha, njengoba sibona, futhi umphumela ukhonjiswe ngokungalungile (0:00) Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi lapho iphindaphindwa, into eshidi yayishintshwa ngokuzenzakalela ifomethi yesikhathi. Ukuze umehluko wemizuzu uboniswe, sidinga ukubuyisela ifomethi ejwayelekile kukho.



4. Ngakho-ke, khetha le seli kuthebhu "Ikhaya" chofoza unxantathu osuvele usijwayele ngakwesokudla kwenkambu yokubonisa ifomethi. Uhlu olusetshenzisiwe, khetha inketho "Okujwayelekile".

   

   Ungenza ngokuhlukile. Khetha into ebekiwe eshidini bese ucindezela izinkinobho I-Ctrl + 1. Iwindi lokufomatha liqala, esivele sisebenzene nalo phambilini. Hambisa kuthebhu "Inombolo" futhi ohlwini lwamafomethi ezinombolo khetha inketho "Okujwayelekile". Qhafaza "Kulungile".



5. Ngemuva kokusebenzisa noma ikuphi kwalokhu okukhethwa kukho, iseli libuyiselwa ngendlela evamile. Kuzobonisa umehluko phakathi nesikhathi esibekiwe ngemizuzu. Njengoba ubona, umehluko phakathi kuka-15: 13 no-22: 55 yimizuzu engama-462.

Isifundo: Ungawaguqula kanjani amahora abe ngamaminithi e-Excel

Njengoba ukwazi ukubona, ama-nuances wokubala umehluko ku-Excel ancike ekutheni iyiphi umsebenzisi umsebenzisi asebenza nayo. Kepha, noma kunjalo, umgomo ojwayelekile wendlela yokwenza lesi senzo sezibalo uhlala ungashintshiwe. Kuyadingeka ukukhipha enye kusuka kunombolo eyodwa. Lokhu kungatholakala kusetshenziswa amafomula wezibalo asetshenziswayo kucatshangelwa i-syntcel ekhethekile ye-Excel, kanye nokusebenzisa okwakhelwe ngaphakathi.