Manje, amakhompyutha amaningi wesimanje asebenzisa uhlelo olusebenza lweMicrosoft Windows. Kodwa-ke, ukusatshalaliswa okubhalwe ku-Linux kernel kuthuthuka ngokushesha okukhulu, kuyazimela, kuvikelwe kakhudlwana kwabangeneleli futhi kuqinile. Ngenxa yalokhu, abanye abasebenzisi abakwazi ukunquma ukuthi iyiphi i-OS abazoyifaka ku-PC yabo futhi bayisebenzise njalo. Okulandelayo, sithatha amaphuzu asisekelo kakhulu walezi zinhlelo ezimbili zesoftware bese siwaqhathanisa. Njengoba usuzijwayezile ukwaziswa okusetshenzisiwe, kuzoba lula kakhulu kuwe ukuthi wenze isinqumo esifanele ngokuqondile ngezinhloso zakho.
Qhathanisa ama-Windows ne-Linux Sistimu yokusebenza
Njengaseminyakeni embalwa edlule, ngalesi sikhathi ngesikhathi, kusengaphikiswa ukuthi iWindows yi-OS eyaziwa kakhulu emhlabeni, ihliselwa iMac OS ngemajini ebanzi, futhi indawo yesithathu kuphela ekuhlalwa kuyo imihlangano ehlukahlukene yeLinux ngephesenti elincane, kususelwa kokutholakalayo. izibalo. Kodwa-ke, lolo lwazi alupheli ngokuqhathanisa iWindows neLinux komunye nomunye futhi bakhombe ukuthi iyiphi inzuzo nobubi abanabo.
Izindleko
Okokuqala, umsebenzisi unaka inqubomgomo yamanani yonjiniyela bohlelo lokusebenza ngaphambi kokulanda isithombe. Lokhu ngumehluko wokuqala phakathi kwabameli ababili ababhekwayo.
IWindows
Akuyona imfihlo ukuthi zonke izinhlobo zeWindows zikhokhelwa ku-DVD, ama-drive ngemoto nezinketho ezinelayisense. Kuwebhusayithi esemthethweni yale nkampani, ungathenga umhlangano wekhaya wakamuva weWindows 10 okwamanje ngama- $ 139, okuyimali eningi yabasebenzisi abathile. Ngenxa yalokhu, isabelo sobuningi siyakhula, lapho izingcweti zizenzela imihlangano yazo eqoqiwe bese ziyilayisha kunethiwekhi. Vele, ngokufaka i-OS enjalo, ngeke ukhokhe imali, kepha akekho okunikeza iziqinisekiso mayelana nokuqina komsebenzi wayo. Uma uthenga iyunithi yesistimu noma i-laptop, ubona amamodeli ane- "eziyishumi" efakwe ngaphambili, ukusatshalaliswa kwawo kufaka phakathi ukusatshalaliswa kwe-OS. Izinguqulo zangaphambilini, ezinjengezesiKhombisa, azisasekelwa iMicrosoft, ngakho-ke awukwazi ukuthola le mikhiqizo esitolo esisemthethweni, inketho kuphela yokuthenga idiski ezitolo ezahlukahlukene.
Iya esitolo se-Microsoft esemthethweni
I-Linux
I-Linux kernel yona iyatholakala emphakathini. Okusho ukuthi, noma yimuphi umsebenzisi angathatha futhi abhale inguqulo yakhe yohlelo lokusebenza kukhodi yomthombo evulekile enikeziwe. Kungenxa yalokhu ukuthi ukusatshalaliswa okuningi kukhululekile, noma umsebenzisi ngokwakhe ukhetha intengo azimisele ukuyikhokha ngokulanda isithombe. Imvamisa, kwakhiwa iFreeDOS noma i-Linux kuma laptops nakuma-system amayunithi, ngoba lokhu akukukhuseli izindleko zedivayisi uqobo. Izinguqulo ze-Linux zakhiwa ngabathuthukisi abazimele, zisekelwa ngokuqinile ngezivuseleli ezijwayelekile.
Izidingo zesistimu
Akuwona wonke umsebenzisi ongakwazi ukuthenga imishini yekhompyutha ebizayo, futhi akuyena wonke umuntu oyidingayo. Lapho izinsiza zohlelo lwe-PC zikhawulelwe, kufanele ubheke okungenani izidingo zokufaka i-OS ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi isebenza ngokujwayelekile kudivayisi.
IWindows
Ungazijwayeza izidingo ezimbalwa zeWindows 10 kwesinye isihloko sethu kusixhumanisi esilandelayo. Kuyadingeka futhi ukuthi unake ukuthi izinsizakusebenza ezisetshenzisiwe zikhonjisiwe lapho ngaphandle kokubala ukwethulwa kwesiphequluli noma ezinye izinhlelo, ngakho-ke sincoma ukufaka okungenani i-2 GB ku-RAM ekhonjisiwe lapho futhi sinaka okungenani ama-processor dual-core wesinye sezizukulwane zakamuva.
Funda kabanzi: Izidingo zesistimu zokufaka iWindows 10
Uma unentshisekelo kuWindows 7 endala, uzothola izincazelo ezinemininingwane yezimpawu zekhompyutha ekhasini elisemthethweni leMicrosoft futhi ungaziqhathanisa nehadiwe lakho.
Bheka Izidingo Zesistimu yeWindows 7
I-Linux
Ngokuqondene nokusatshalaliswa kweLinux, lapha okokuqala udinga ukubheka umhlangano uqobo. Ngamunye wabo uhlanganisa izinhlelo ezahlukahlukene ezifakwe ngaphambili, igobolondo ledeskithophu nokuningi. Ngakho-ke, kunemihlangano ethile yama-PC abuthakathaka noma amaseva. Uzothola izidingo zesistimu zokuhanjiswa okudumile ezintweni zethu ezingezansi.
Okuningi: Izidingo Zesistimu Zokusatshalaliswa Kwe-Linux Ehlukahlukene
Ukufakwa kwe-PC
Ukufaka lezi zinhlelo zokusebenza ezimbili kuqhathaniswa kungabizwa cishe kube lula ngokulingana ngaphandle kokuhanjiswa okuthile kweLinux. Kodwa-ke, kunomehluko futhi.
IWindows
Okokuqala, sizohlaziya ezinye zezici zeWindows, bese sibaqhathanisa nohlelo lwesibili lokusebenza olubhekwe namuhla.
- Awukwazi ukufaka amakhophi amabili e-Windows aseceleni ngaphandle kokuzenzisa okwengeziwe ngohlelo lokuqala lokusebenza nemidiya exhunyiwe;
- Abenzi bensimbi sebeqala ukulahla ukuhambisana kwemishini yabo nezinhlobo ezindala zeWindows, ngakho-ke kungenzeka ukuthi uthole ukusebenza okunqunyelwe, noma awukwazi ukufaka iWindows ekhompyutheni noma kwi-laptop nhlobo;
- I-Windows isivale ikhodi yomthombo, ngqo ngoba, lolu hlobo lokufaka lungenziwa kuphela ngesifaki sokuphathelene.
Funda futhi: Ungayifaka kanjani iWindows
I-Linux
Onjiniyela bekusatshalaliswa kwe-Linux kernel banenqubomgomo ehlukile kulokhu, ngakho-ke banikeza abasebenzisi babo igunya elingaphezu kweMicrosoft.
- I-Linux ifakwe kahle eduze kweWindows noma okunye ukusatshalaliswa kweWindows, okukuvumela ukuthi ukhethe i-bootloader oyifunayo ngesikhathi sokuqalisa kwe-PC;
- Azikho izinkinga ngokuhambisana ne-Hardware, imihlangano iyahambelana noma ngabe kukhona izinto ezindala (ngaphandle kokuthi kuchazwe ngenye indlela ngumthuthukisi we-OS noma umenzi enganikeli izinhlobo ze-Linux);
- Kukhona ithuba lokuhlanganisa uhlelo lokusebenza ngokwakho kusuka ezingxenyeni ezahlukahlukene zekhodi ngaphandle kokulanda ukulanda isoftware eyengeziwe.
Funda futhi:
Ukuhamba nge-Linux kusuka ku-flash drive
Linux Mint Ukufaka Umhlahlandlela
Uma sibheka ijubane lokufakwa kwezinhlelo zokusebenza okukhulunywa ngalo, ke ku-Windows kuncike kudrayivu esetshenzisiwe kanye nezinto ezifakiwe. Ngokwesilinganiso, le nqubo ithatha cishe ihora (lapho kufakwa iWindows 10), ngezinguqulo zangaphambilini lesi sibalo sincane. Kwi-Linux, konke kuya ngesabelo osikhethayo nezinhloso zomsebenzisi. Isoftware eyengeziwe ingafakwa ngemuva, futhi ukufakwa kwe-OS uqobo kuthatha imizuzu eyi-6 kuye kwengama-30.
Ukufakwa komshayeli
Ukufakwa kwabashayeli kuyadingeka ukuze kusebenze kahle yonke imishini exhunyiwe nohlelo olusebenzayo. Lo mthetho usebenza kuzo zombili izinhlelo ezisebenzayo.
IWindows
Ngemuva kokuthi ukufakwa kwe-OS sekuqediwe noma phakathi nalokhu, abashayeli bazo zonke izinto ezikhona kukhompyutha nabo bayafakwa. IWindows 10 uqobo ilayisha amanye amafayela ngokufinyelela kwe-inthanethi okusebenzayo, uma kungenjalo umsebenzisi kuzodingeka asebenzise idiski yomshayeli noma iwebhusayithi esemthethweni yomakhi ukuze ayilande futhi ayifake. Ngenhlanhla, iningi isoftware lenziwa njengamafayela we-ExE, futhi afakwa ngokuzenzakalela. Izinguqulo zangaphambili zeWindows azizange zilande abashayeli kusuka kunethiwekhi ngokushesha ngemuva kokuqala kohlelo, ngakho-ke, lapho ufaka kabusha uhlelo, umsebenzisi wayedinga okungenani ukuba nomshayeli wenethiwekhi ukuze ahambe ku-inthanethi alande yonke enye isoftware.
Funda futhi:
Ukufaka abashayeli besebenzisa amathuluzi ajwayelekile eWindows
Isoftware yokufaka umshayeli ehamba phambili
I-Linux
Iningi labashayeli kwiLinux lingezwa esiteji sokufaka i-OS, futhi liyatholakala ukuze lithathwe kusukela ku-Inthanethi. Kodwa-ke, kwesinye isikhathi abathuthukisi bezakhi abanikezeli abashayeli ngokusatshalaliswa kweLinux, ngenxa yokuthi idivaysi ingahlala inengxenye noma ingasebenzi ngokuphelele, ngoba iningi labashayeli beWindows ngeke lisebenze. Ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kokufaka i-Linux, kungakuhle ukuthi uqiniseke ukuthi kunezinguqulo zesoftware esetshenziselwe imishini esetshenzisiwe (ikhadi lomsindo, iphrinta, isithwebuli, amadivaysi omdlalo).
Isoftware Ehlinzekiwe
Amanani we-Linux ne-Windows afaka iqoqo lesoftware eyengeziwe ekuvumela ukuthi wenze imisebenzi ejwayelekile kukhompyutha yakho. Kusukela kusethi nekhwalithi yesoftware kuya ngokuthi zingaki izinhlelo zokusebenza umsebenzisi kuzodingeka azilande ukuze aqinisekise umsebenzi onethezekile kwi-PC.
IWindows
Njengoba wazi, kanye nesistimu yokusebenza kwe-Windows uqobo, isoftware ethile esizayo ilandelwa kwikhompyutha, ngokwesibonelo, isidlali sevidiyo esijwayelekile, isiphequluli se-Edge, "Ikhalenda", "Isimo sezulu" njalonjalo. Noma kunjalo, iphakheji lesicelo esinjalo ngokuvamile alanele kumsebenzisi ojwayelekile, futhi akuzona zonke izinhlelo ezinesethi yemisebenzi efiselekayo. Ngenxa yalokhu, umsebenzisi ngamunye ulanda isoftware eyengeziwe mahhala noma ekhokhelwayo evela kunjiniyela abazimele.
I-Linux
Ku-Linux, yonke into isencike ekusatshalalweni okhethayo. Iningi lemihlangano liqukethe yonke imisebenzi edingekayo yokusebenza ngombhalo, ihluzo, umsindo nevidiyo. Ngaphezu kwalokho kunezinsiza ezisizayo, amagobolondo abonakalayo nokunye okuningi. Lapho ukhetha umhlangano weLinux, udinga ukunaka ukuthi yimiphi imisebenzi eguqulwa ukuze yenziwe - lapho uzothola wonke umsebenzi ofanele ngemuva kokuqedwa kokufakwa kwe-OS. Amafayela agcinwe kusetshenziswa izinhlelo ze-Microsoft ezihlobene, njenge Office Office, azihambelani njalo ne-OpenOffice efanayo esebenza kwi-Linux, ngakho-ke lokhu kufanele futhi kubhekwe lapho ukhetha.
Izinhlelo ezikhona zokufaka
Njengoba sikhulume ngezinhlelo ezizenzakalelayo ezitholakalayo, ngingathanda ukukhuluma ngamathuba wokufaka izinhlelo zokusebenza ezivela eceleni, ngoba lo mehluko uba yisici esinqumayo sabasebenzisi be-Windows ukuze bangaguquki kuLinux.
IWindows
Uhlelo olusebenzayo lweWindows lwabhalwa cishe ngokuphelele ku-C ++, yingakho lolu limi lohlelo lusaziwa kakhulu. Kuthuthukisa amasoftware amaningi ahlukahlukene, izinsiza kusebenza nezinye izinhlelo zale OS. Ngaphezu kwalokho, cishe bonke abadali bemidlalo yamakhompiyutha bayenza ihambisane neWindows noma ibadedele kuphela kule nkundla. Kwi-Intanethi, uzothola inani elingenamkhawulo lezinhlelo zokuxazulula noma yiziphi izinkinga futhi cishe zonke zazo zizolingana nenguqulo yakho. I-Microsoft ikhipha izinhlelo zayo zabasebenzisi ukuthatha i-Skype noma i-Office Suite efanayo.
Bheka futhi: Faka noma Susa Izinhlelo ku-Windows 10
I-Linux
I-Linux inesethi yayo yezinhlelo, izinsizakusebenza nezinhlelo zokusebenza, kanye nesisombululo esibizwa ngeWine, esikuvumela ukuthi usebenzise isoftware ebhalelwe iWindows ngqo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, manje abathuthukisi bomdlalo abengeziwe bangeza ukuhambisana nale nkundla. Ngithanda ukunaka ngokukhethekile ipulatifomu yeSteam, lapho ungathola khona futhi ulande imidlalo efanelekile. Kubalulekile futhi ukuqaphela ukuthi iningi le-software ye-Linux lisatshalaliswa mahhala, futhi isabelo samaphrojekthi wokuthengisa sincane kakhulu. Indlela yokufaka ihlukile. Kulesi OS, ezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza zifakwa ngesifaki, ukusebenzisa ikhodi yomthombo, noma ngokusebenzisa i-terminal.
Ezokuphepha
Inkampani ngayinye ilwela ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uhlelo lwayo olusebenzayo luphephile ngangokunokwenzeka, ngoba ama-hacks nokufakwa okuhlukahlukene kuvame ukufaka ukulahleka okukhulu, futhi kubangele nentukuthelo enkulu phakathi kwabasebenzisi. Abantu abaningi bayazi ukuthi iLinux ithembeke kakhulu kulokhu, kepha ake sibheke le mininingwane ngokuningiliziwe.
IWindows
I-Microsoft ngesibuyekezo esisha ngasinye inyusa izinga lokuphepha leplatifomu yayo, noma kunjalo, ngasikhathi sinye, kusesekungavikeleki kakhulu. Inkinga enkulu ukuthandwa, ngoba lapho likhulu inani labasebenzisi, kulapho liheha abahlaseli. Futhi abasebenzisi ngokwabo bavame ukuwela igwegwe ngenxa yokungafundi kulesi sihloko nokunganaki lapho benza izinto ezithile.
Abathuthukisi abazimele banikela ngezixazululo zabo ngendlela yezinhlelo zokulwa ne-virus ezinemininingwane evuselelwa kaningi, ephakamisa izinga lokuphepha ngamashumi ngamaphesenti ambalwa. Izinhlobo zakamuva ze-OS nazo zakhelwe ngaphakathi Umvikeli, ekhulisa ukuphepha kwe-PC futhi isindise abantu abaningi isidingo sokufaka isoftware yomuntu wesithathu.
Funda futhi:
Unqulo wesi arab kuphela seWindows
Ukufaka i-antivirus yamahhala kwi-PC
I-Linux
Ekuqaleni, ungacabanga ukuthi iLinux iphephe kakhulu kuphela ngoba cishe akekho umuntu oyisebenzisayo, kepha lokhu kunjalo neze. Kungabonakala ukuthi umthombo ovulekile kufanele ube nomthelela omubi ekuvikelekeni kohlelo, kepha lokhu kuvumela kuphela abaphathi bezinhlelo ezisezingeni eliphakeme ukuthi bayibheke futhi baqiniseke ukuthi ayiqukethe izingxenye zomuntu wesithathu. Hhayi kuphela abakhi bokuhambisa, kodwa futhi nabaphathi bezinhlelo abafaka i-Linux yamanethiwekhi ezinkampani namaseva banentshisekelo ngokuphepha kwesikhulumi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kule OS, ukufinyelela kokuphatha kuphephe kakhulu futhi kunqunyelwe, okungavumeli abahlaseli ukuthi bangene kalula ohlelweni. Kukhona neminye imihlangano ekhethekile emelana nokuhlaselwa okuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, ngoba ochwepheshe abaningi babheka iLinux njenge-OS ephephe kakhulu.
Bheka futhi: Ama-unqulo wesi arab adumile weLinux
Ukuqina komsebenzi
Cishe wonke umuntu uyazi inkulumo ethi "isikrini sokufa" noma "BSoD", ngoba abanikazi beWindows abaningi bahlangabezane nalesi simo. Kusho ukungasebenzi kahle kwesistimu, okuholela ekuqaliseni kabusha, isidingo sokulungisa iphutha, noma ukufaka i-OS kabusha. Kepha ukuqina akusikho lokho kuphela.
IWindows
Enguqulo yakamuva yeWindows 10, izikrini zokufa eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka zaqala ukuvela kaningi, kepha lokhu akusho ukuthi ukuqina kwepulatifomu sekusezingeni elifanele. Amancane futhi akunjalo amaphutha asekhona. Thatha ukukhishwa kwesibuyekezo se-1809, inguqulo yokuqala yayo okuholele ekubonakaleni kwezinkinga eziningi zabasebenzisi - ukungakwazi ukusebenzisa amathuluzi esistimu, ukususwa kwamafayili okungazenzakalelayo, nokuningi. Izimo ezinjalo zingasho nje ukuthi iMicrosoft ayiqinisekile ngokuphelele ngokunemba komsebenzi wezinto ezintsha ngaphambi kokukhululwa kwabo.
Bheka futhi: Ukuxazulula inkinga yezikrini eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kuWindows
I-Linux
Abadali bekusatshalaliswa kwe-Linux bazama ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuzinze kakhulu komhlangano wabo, ukulungisa ngokushesha amaphutha avela nokufaka izibuyekezo okuhlolwe ngokuphelele. Abasebenzisi abavami ukuhlangana nokuphahlazeka okuhlukahlukene, ukuphahlazeka nobunzima okufanele bulungiswe ngezandla zabo. Kulokhu, iLinux izinyathelo eziningana ngaphambi kweWindows, sibonga ngokwengxenye kubathuthukisi abazimele.
Ukwenza kube ngokwezifiso
Umsebenzisi ngamunye ufuna ukwenza ngokwezifiso ukubukeka kohlelo lokusebenza uqobo lwazo, alunikeze umehluko futhi kube lula. Kungenxa yalokhu ukuthi amathuba okwenza i-interface kube ngokwezifiso kuyisici esibaluleke kakhulu sokwakheka kohlelo olusebenzayo.
IWindows
Ukusebenza okuyikho kwezinhlelo eziningi kunikezwa igobolondo lokuqhafaza. Ku-Windows, kungukuphela kokunye futhi okuguqukayo ngokubuyisela amafayela wesistimu, okuwukwephula isivumelwano selayisense. Ngokuyisisekelo, abasebenzisi balanda izinhlelo zenkampani yangaphandle bese bezisebenzisa ukwenza ngezifiso i-interface, bekhipha izingxenye ezazingafinyeleleki zomphathi wewindi. Kodwa-ke, kungenzeka ukulayisha imvelo yedeski yangaphandle, kepha lokhu kuzonyusa umthwalo ku-RAM kaningana.
Funda futhi:
Faka isithombe sangemuva esibukhoma ku-Windows 10
Ungayifaka kanjani izithombe kwideskithophu
I-Linux
Abadali bekusatshalaliswa kweLinux bavumela abasebenzisi ukulanda umhlangano nemvelo yokuzikhethela kwabo esizindeni esisemthethweni. Kunezimo eziningi zedeskithophu, ngayinye engashintshwa ngumsebenzisi ngaphandle kwezinkinga. Futhi ungakhetha inketho efanele ngokusekelwe kumhlangano wekhompyutha yakho.Ngokungafani neWindows, igobolondo lokuqhafaza alidlali indima enkulu lapha, ngoba i-OS ingena kumodi yombhalo futhi ngakho-ke isebenza ngokuphelele.
Izinkambu zesicelo
Vele, hhayi kuphela kumakhompyutha umsebenzi ojwayelekile afake uhlelo lokusebenza. Kuyadingeka ekusebenzeni okujwayelekile kwamadivaysi amaningi namapulatifomu, isibonelo, igama eliyinhloko noma iseva. I-OS ngayinye izoba yiyona ephezulu kakhulu ukusetshenziswa endaweni ethile.
IWindows
Njengoba sishilo phambilini, iWindows ibhekwa njenge-OS ethandwa kakhulu, ngakho-ke ifakwa kumakhompyutha amaningi ajwayelekile. Kodwa-ke, isetshenziselwa futhi ukugcina ukusebenza kwamaseva, okungathembeki ngaso sonke isikhathi, njengoba usuvele uyazi, funda isigaba Ezokuphepha. Kunokwakhiwa okukhethekile kweWindows okwenzelwe ukusetshenziswa kumakhompiyutha amakhulu namadivayisi wokulungisa amaphutha.
I-Linux
I-Linux ithathwa njengeyona ndlela engcono kakhulu kuseva nokusetshenziswa kwasekhaya. Ngenxa yobukhona bokuhanjiswa okuningi, umsebenzisi ngokwakhe ukhetha umhlangano ofanele ngezinjongo zakhe. Isibonelo, iLinux Mint ukusatshalaliswa okungcono kakhulu kokujwayelana nomndeni we-OS, futhi i-CentOS iyisisombululo esihle sokufakwa kweseva.
Kodwa-ke, ungazijwayeza imihlangano ethandwayo emikhakheni ehlukahlukene kwesinye isihloko sethu kusixhumanisi esilandelayo.
Funda Okuningi: Ukuhanjiswa Kwe-Linux Okudumile
Manje usuwazi umehluko phakathi kwezinhlelo ezimbili ezisebenzayo - iWindows neLinux. Lapho ukhetha, sikucebisa ukuthi uzijwayeze zonke izici ezibhekwayo futhi, ngokususelwa kuzo, cabanga ipulatifomu efanelekile yokufeza imisebenzi yakho.
