Akubona bonke abasebenzisi abakhumbula ngenhliziyo izingxenye zekhompyutha yabo, kanye neminye imininingwane yesistimu, ngakho-ke ukutholakala kwekhono lokubuka imininingwane mayelana nohlelo ku-OS kumele kube khona. Emapulatifomu athuthukiswe ngolimi lweLinux, kukhona namathuluzi anjalo. Okulandelayo, sizozama ukusho okuningiliziwe ngangokunokwenzeka mayelana nezindlela ezitholakalayo zokubheka imininingwane edingekayo, sithathe isibonelo njengenguqulo yakamuva ye-Ubuntu OS eyaziwayo. Kokunye ukusatshalaliswa kweLinux, inqubo enjalo ingenziwa ngendlela efanayo.
Sibheka imininingwane ehlelweni ku-Linux
Namuhla sinikezela ukujwayela izindlela ezimbili ezihlukile zokufuna ulwazi lohlelo oludingekayo. Bobabili basebenza kuma-algorithms ahlukile, futhi futhi banomqondo ohlukile. Ngenxa yalokhu, inketho ngayinye izoba wusizo kakhulu kubasebenzisi abahlukahlukene.
Indlela yoku-1: Hardinfo
Indlela esebenzisa uhlelo lweHardinfo ilungele abasebenzisi be-novice nabo bonke abangafuni ukuzibandakanya emsebenzini "Isiginali". Noma kunjalo, ukufakwa kwesoftware eyengeziwe akuphelile ngaphandle kokuqalisa i-console, ngakho-ke kufanele uguqukele kuyo ngomyalo owodwa.
- Gijima "Isiginali" bese ufaka umyalo lapho
faka i-hardlinefox. - Faka iphasiwedi ukuqinisekisa ukufinyelelwa kwezimpande (izinhlamvu ezifakiwe ngeke ziboniswe).
- Qinisekisa ukungezwa kwamafayela amasha ngokukhetha inketho ezifanele.
- Kuhlala kuphela ukuqhuba uhlelo ngomyalo
hardinfo. - Manje kuvulwa iwindi lesithombe, elihlukaniswe ngamaphaneli amabili. Ngakwesobunxele ubona izigaba ezinolwazi mayelana nohlelo, abasebenzisi nekhompyutha. Khetha isigaba esifanele kanye nesifinyezo sayo yonke imininingwane kuzovela ngakwesokunene.
- Kusetshenziswa inkinobho Dala Umbiko Ungagcina ikhophi lemininingwane nganoma iyiphi indlela elula.
- Isibonelo, ifayili le-HTML eliqediwe lingavulwa kalula ngesiphequluli esisejwayelekile, libonisa izici ze-PC kuhlobo lombhalo.
Njengoba ukwazi ukubona, i-Hardinfo uhlobo lokuhlangana lwayo yonke imiyalo evela kukhonsoli, esetshenziswa ngesibonisi sokuqhafaza. Kungakho le ndlela ilula kakhulu futhi isheshise inqubo yokuthola ulwazi oludingekayo.
Indlela 2: Isiginali
Ikhonsoli eyakhelwe ngaphakathi ku-Ubuntu inikeza isipiliyoni somsebenzisi esingenamkhawulo. Ngenxa yemiyalo ungenza isenzo ngezinhlelo, amafayela, ukuphatha uhlelo nokunye okuningi. Kukhona Izinsiza ezikuvumela ukuthi uthole imininingwane enentshisekelo ngayo "Isiginali". Ake sibheke konke ngokulandelana.
- Vula imenyu bese uqalisa i-console, ungakwenza futhi lokhu ngokubamba phansi inhlanganisela yokhiye I-Ctrl + Alt + T.
- Ukuze uqale, vele ubhale umyalo
igama lomsingathibese uqhafaza Ngenaukubonisa igama le-akhawunti. - Abasebenzisi beLaptop nabo bavame ukuhlotshaniswa nesidingo sokuthola inombolo ye-serial noma imodeli eqondile yedivayisi yabo. Amaqembu amathathu azokusiza ekutholeni ulwazi oludingayo:
sudo dmidecode -s system-serial-inombolo
senzi dmidecode -somakhi wesistimu
sudo dmidecode -s system-product-product-igama - Ukuqoqa imininingwane mayelana nayo yonke imishini exhunyiwe ngeke ikwazi ukwenza ngaphandle kwensiza eyengeziwe. Ungayifaka ngokungena
sudo apt-get ukufaka i-procinfo. - Lapho ukufakwa sekuqedile, bhala
sudo lsdev. - Ngemuva kokuskena okufushane, uzothola uhlu lwawo wonke amadivayisi asebenzayo.
- Ngokuqondene nemodeli yokuprosesa neminye imininingwane ngayo, indlela elula ukuyisebenzisa
ikati / proc / cpuinfo. Uzokwamukela ngokushesha konke okudingayo ukuze uzijwayeze. - Ngomthungo iya kwenye imininingwane ebaluleke kakhulu - RAM. Thola inani lesikhala samahhala nesisetshenzisiwe kuzosiza
kancane / proc / meminfo. Ngokushesha ngemuva kokufaka umyalo, uzobona imigqa ehambelana kukhonsoli. - Imininingwane efingqiwe inikezwe ngokulandelayo:
mahhala -m- inkumbulo kuma-megabytes;mahhala- ama-gigabytes;mahhala -h- ngendlela elula efundekayo.
- Unesibopho sefayela lekhasi
swapon -s. Ungafunda hhayi kuphela ngokuba khona kwefayela elinjalo, kodwa futhi nokubona umthamo walo. - Uma unentshisekelo ngenguqulo yamanje yokusabalalisa Ubuntu, sebenzisa umyalo
lsb_release -a. Uzothola imininingwane yenguqulo negama lekhodi enencazelo. - Noma kunjalo, kunemiyalo eyengeziwe ekuvumela ukuthi uthole idatha enemininingwane eminingi ngohlelo olusebenzayo. Isibonelo
uname -ribonisa inguqulo ye-kernel,ungazi -p- izakhiwo, kanyehlanganisa -a- Imininingwane ejwayelekile. - Bhalisa
lsblkukubona uhlu lwazo zonke izixhumi ezixhunyiwe ngokuqinile nezihlukanisi ezisebenzayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isifinyezo samanani abo siyabonakala futhi lapha. - Ukuze ufunde kabanzi ukwakheka kwe-disk (inani lemikhakha, usayizi nohlobo lwayo), kufanele ubhalise
sudo fdisk / dev / sdakuphi sda - Idrayivu ekhethiwe. - Imvamisa, amadivaysi angeziwe axhumeka kwikhompyutha ngezixhumi ze-USB zamahhala noma ngobuchwepheshe be-Bluetooth. Buka wonke amadivayisi, inombolo yawo nesikhombi usebenzisa
lsusb. - Bhalisa
lspci | grep -i vganomalspci -vvnn | grep VGAukubonisa isifinyezo somshayeli wemifanekiso osebenzayo nekhadi lehluzo elisetshenziswayo.
Vele, lokhu akulupheli uhlu lwayo yonke imiyalo etholakalayo, kepha ngaphezulu sizamile ukukhuluma ngezinto eziyisisekelo nezilusizo ezingaba usizo kumsebenzisi ojwayelekile. Uma unentshisekelo kukhetho lokuthola imininingwane ethile mayelana nohlelo noma ikhompyutha, bheka imibhalo esemthethweni yokusabalalisa esetshenzisiwe.
Ungakhetha indlela efanelekile yokusesha imininingwane yohlelo - sebenzisa i-classic console, noma ufinyelele ohlelweni ngesibonisi esisetshenzisiwe sokuqhafaza. Uma ukusatshalaliswa kwakho kweLinux kunezinkinga nge-software noma imiyalo, funda ngokucophelela umbhalo wephutha bese uthola isixazululo noma amathiphu emibhalweni esemthethweni.
