Ukupholisa umshini wokuphanda, kudinga ukubanda okupholile, amapharamitha awo ancike ekutheni ikhwalithi ephezulu kangakanani nokuthi i-CPU izokweqa ngokweqile. Ngokukhetha okufanele, udinga ukwazi usayizi nezici zesokhethi, iprosesa kanye nebhodi lomama. Ngaphandle kwalokho, uhlelo lokupholisa lingahle lungafaki kahle futhi / noma lonakalise ibhodi yomama.
Okufanele ubheke kuqala
Uma wakhe ikhompyutha kusuka ekuqaleni, lapho-ke kufanele ucabange ukuthi yini ehamba phambili - thenga i-cooler noma i-processor yebhokisi ehlukile, i.e. iprosesa enohlelo lokupholisa oluhlanganisiwe. Ukuthenga iprosesa nge-cooler ehlanganisiwe kunenzuzo eyengeziwe, ngoba uhlelo lokupholisa seluvele luhambisana ngokuphelele nale modeli futhi kubiza kancane ukuthenga imishini enjalo kunokuthenga i-CPU nerediyetha ngokwehlukana.
Kepha ngasikhathi sinye, lo mklamo ukhiqiza umsindo omningi kakhulu, futhi lapho wenza ngokweqile iprosesa, uhlelo kungenzeka lungabambisani nomthwalo. Futhi ukufaka okunye okupholile kwebhokisi ngokwahlukile kungahle kungenzeki, noma kuzodingeka uthathe ikhompiyutha uyise kwinkonzo ekhethekile, ngoba Ushintsho ekhaya alinconywa kuleli cala. Ngakho-ke, uma wakha ikhompyutha yokudlala futhi / noma uhlela ukufaka ngaphezulu kweprosesa, bese uthenge iprosesa ehlukile kanye nohlelo lokupholisa.
Lapho ukhetha okupholile, udinga ukunaka amapharamitha amabili we-processor ne-motherboard - isokhethi nokuqothuka kokushisa (TDP). Isokhethi isixhumi esikhethekile ebhodini lomama lapho i-CPU ne cooler ibekwe khona. Lapho ukhetha uhlelo lokupholisa, kuzodingeka ubheke ukuthi iluphi isokhethi elilungele kangcono (imvamisa abakhiqizi babhala imikhobo enconyiwe ngokwayo). I-processor TDP iyindlela yokushisa ekhiqizwa ama-CPU cores, alinganiswa kuma-watts. Lesi sikhombisi, njengomthetho, sikhonjiswa ngumenzi we-CPU, futhi abakhiqizi abapholile babhala ukuthi uluphi uhlobo lomthwalo lo noma leyo modeli yakhelwe yona.
Izici Key
Okokuqala, naka uhlu lwezisekelo ezisebenza kulo modeli. Abakhiqizi bahlala behlinzeka ngohlu lwamasokethi afanele, njengoba Leli yiphuzu elibaluleke kakhulu lapho ukhetha uhlelo lokupholisa. Uma uzama ukufaka i-radiator kusokhethi engacacisiwe umakhi kokucacisiwe, lapho-ke ungaphula okupholile futhi / noma isokhethi uqobo.
Ubuningi bokusebenza bokuqeda ukushisa bungenye yamapharamitha aphambili lapho ukhetha i-cooler yeprosesa elivele lithengiwe. Kuliqiniso, i-TDP ayiboniswa njalo ezimfanelweni ezipholile. Ukwehluka okuncane phakathi kwe-TDP yokusebenza kohlelo lokupholisa ne-CPU kuyamukeleka (ngokwesibonelo, i-CPU ine-TDP ye-88W kanti irediyetha ine-85W). Kepha umahluko omkhulu, iprosesa izokonakala ngokweqile futhi ingahle ibe yinto engabonakali. Kodwa-ke, uma i-heatsink ine-TDP inkulu kakhulu kune-TDP eprosesa, khona-ke lokhu kuhle, ngoba amakhono apholile azokwanela nezinsalela zokwenza umsebenzi wazo.
Uma umenzi engacacisanga ukubanda kwe-TDP, ungathola ukuthi "google" isicelo senethiwekhi, kepha lo mthetho usebenza kuphela kumamodeli athandwayo.
Izici zokudizayina
Ukwakheka kwama-coolers kuhlukahluka kakhulu kuye ngohlobo lwe-radiator kanye nokuba khona / ukungabikho kwamapayipi okushisa akhethekile. Kunokwehluka futhi kokuqukethwe okwenziwe ngalo ama-fan blads ne-radiator uqobo. Ngokuyinhloko, impahla eyinhloko ipulasitiki, kepha futhi kukhona amamodeli ane-aluminium nezinsimbi zensimbi.
Inketho yesabelomali kakhulu uhlelo lokupholisa olunomshini we-aluminium, ngaphandle kwamathubhu aqhuba ubhedu. Amamodeli anjalo ahlukahluka ngobukhulu obuncane nentengo ephansi, kepha awalungele kahle amaprosesa akhiqiza kakhulu noma kancane noma ngezinqubo ezenzelwe ukuqhutshwa esikhathini esizayo. Imvamisa iza ne-CPU. Umehluko ekwakhekeni kwama-heatsinks uyaphawuleka - kuma-CPUs avela ku-AMD, ama-heatsinks awesikwele, futhi e-Intel round.
Ama-coolers anama-radiator aqhamuka kumapuleti e-precast acishe aphelelwe yisikhathi, kodwa asathengiswa. Umklamo wabo uyi-radiator enenhlanganisela yamapuleti e-aluminium nawethusi. Ashibhile kakhulu kunama-analogu abo ngamapayipi okushisa, kuyilapho ikhwalithi epholile ingeyona ephansi kakhulu. Kepha ngenxa yokuthi amamodeli la aphelelwe yisikhathi, kunzima kakhulu ukukhetha isokhethi elilungele wona. Ngokuvamile, la ma-radiators awasenawo umehluko obalulekile ovela kubo bonke abalingani be-aluminium.
I-radiator yensimbi evundlile enamashubhu ethusi wokuqothula ukushisa ingenye yezinhlobo zohlelo olungabizi kakhulu, kodwa lwesimanje nolusebenzayo. Ukudonswa okuyinhloko kwemiklamo lapho kunikezwe khona amashubhu ethusi ubukhulu obukhulu abangavumeli ukufakwa komklamo onjalo ohlelweni oluncane futhi / noma kubhodi enishibhile, njengoba lokho kungaphuka ngaphansi kwesisindo sakhe. Futhi, konke ukushisa kususwa ngamashubhu kuya kubhodi ye-mama, okuthi uma iyunithi yesistimu inomoya omncane ongena umoya, yehlisa ukusebenza kahle kwamashubhu kungasebenzi.
Kunezinhlobo ezibiza kakhulu zama-radiator ezinamashubhu ethusi ezifakwe endaweni ethe mpo esikhundleni seyigobela, evumela ukuthi ifakwe kuyunithi yesistimu encane. Futhi, ukushisa okuvela kumashubhu kukhuphuka, hhayi kubhodi. Ama-coolers anamashubhu wokushiswa kwe-zethusi eshisayo ahle kakhulu kuma-processor anamandla futhi abizayo, kepha ngasikhathi sinezidingo eziphakeme zamasisekelo ngenxa yobukhulu bawo.
Ukusebenza kahle kwama-coolers ngamashubhu ethusi kuya ngenani lokugcina. Okwenziwayo okuvela kusigaba esiphakathi, i-TDP yayo ingu-80-100 watts, amamodeli anamashubhu wethusi ama-3-4 alungile. Kumaprosesa anamandla amaningi kuma-watts angu-110-180, amamodeli anamashubhu ayi-6 ayadingeka. Ezimweni, inani lamashubhu alibhalelwa irediyetha kuphela, kepha linqunywa kalula kusuka esithombeni.
Kubalulekile ukunaka isisekelo salapho okupholile. Amamodeli anendawo yokusebenzisa isisekelo ashibhile, kepha uthuli luvaleka kalula luxhumeke kuma-radiator izixhumi, okunzima ukuzihlanza. Kukhona amamodeli ashibhile anesisekelo esiqinile, okungcono kakhulu, yize kubiza kancane. Kungcono ngisho nokukhetha okupholile, lapho ngaphezu kwesisekelo esiqinile kukhona ukufakwa okukhethekile kwethusi, ngoba kukhulisa kakhulu ukusebenza kwemisebe ephansi.
Engxenyeni ebizayo, ama-radiators anesisekelo sethusi noma ukuxhumana okuqondile nobuso kweprosesa asevele esetshenzisiwe. Ukusebenza kokubili kufana ngokuphelele, kepha inketho yesibili incane futhi ibiza kakhulu.
Futhi, lapho ukhetha irediyetha, njalo unake isisindo nobukhulu besakhiwo. Isibonelo, uhlobo lwenqaba ephakemeyo olunamabhubhu ethusi olunwebeka ngaphezulu lunokuphakama okungama-160 mm, okwenza kube nzima ukulufaka kuyunithi yesistimu encane futhi / noma kubhodi elincane. Isisindo esijwayelekile sokuphola kufanele kube ngu-400-500 g wamakhompyutha aphakathi naphakathi nama-500-1000 g wemidlalo yokudlala nemishini yobungcweti.
Izici Zabalandeli
Okokuqala, naka usayizi we-fan, ngoba izinga lomsindo, ukukhululeka okulula kanye nekhwalithi yomsebenzi kuncike kubo. Kunezigaba ezintathu zobukhulu obujwayelekile:
- 80 × 80 mm. Lezi amamodeli eshibhile kakhulu futhi kulula ukuyishintsha. Zingafakwa emacaleni amancane ngaphandle kwezinkinga. Imvamisa beza nabapholile kakhulu ashibhile. Benza umsindo omningi futhi abakwazi ukubhekana nokuphola kwama-processor anamandla;
- I-92 × 92 mm - lesi isayizi le-fan evamile elipholile eliphakathi. Futhi kulula ukuyifaka, ikhiqiza umsindo omncane futhi iyakwazi ukubhekana nezinhlelo zokupholisa zesigaba samanani aphakathi, kepha zibiza okuningi;
- I-120 × 120 mm - abalandeli balesi size bangatholakala kwimishini yobuchwepheshe noma yokudlala. Banikeza ukupholisa osezingeni eliphakeme, bakhiqize ukungabi nomsindo omningi kakhulu, kulula ngabo ukuthola indawo uma kungaphulwa. Kepha ngasikhathi sinye, intengo yomuntu opholile efakwe ifeni elinjalo iphakeme kakhulu. Uma fan yezilinganiso ezinjalo ithengwa ngokwahlukana, khona-ke kungahle kube nobunzima bokuyifaka ku-radiator.
Kungahle kube khona abalandeli be-140 × 140 mm futhi abakhulu, kepha lokhu sekuvele kumishini yokudlala ye-TOP, lapho iprosesa inomthwalo omkhulu kakhulu. Abalandeli abanjalo kunzima ukuthola emakethe, futhi intengo yabo ngeke ishibhile.
Naka ngokukhethekile izinhlobo ezithwele njenge izinga lomsindo lincike kubo. Kukhona ezintathu zazo:
- I-Sleeve Bearing iyisampula ebiza kakhulu futhi ethembekile kunazo zonke. Opholile onomthelela onjalo ekwakhiweni kwawo usakhipha umsindo omningi;
- Ukunakekelwa kwebhola - ukuthwala ibhola okunokwethenjelwa kakhulu, kubiza ngaphezulu, kepha futhi akuhlukile ngomsindo ophansi;
- I-Hydro Bearing iyinhlanganisela yokwethenjwa nekhwalithi. Inomklamo we-hydrodynamic, empeleni awukhiqizi umsindo, kodwa uyabiza.
Uma ungadingi opholile onomsindo, ke unaka ngokwengeziwe inani lezinguquko ngomzuzu. I-2000-4000 rpm yenza umsindo wohlelo lokupholisa uhlukaniswe ngokuphelele. Ukuze ungayizwa ikhompyutha, kunconywa ukuthi unake amamodeli ngejubane le-800-1500 ngomzuzu. Kepha ngasikhathi sinye, gcina ukhumbula ukuthi uma fan incane, khona-ke ijubane lokujikeleza kufanele lihluke phakathi kwe-3000-4000 ngomzuzu ukuze opholile abhekane nomsebenzi wakhe. Lapho kukhulu fan, kokuncipha kufanele kwenziwe izinguquko ngomzuzu wokupholisa okujwayelekile kweprosesa.
Kufanelekile futhi ukunaka inani labalandeli ekuklameni. Ekukhetheni kwesabelomali, kusetshenziswa fan eyodwa kuphela, futhi kwababizayo abangaphezulu bangaba babili noma babe bathathu. Kulokhu, ijubane lokujikeleza nokukhiqiza umsindo lingaphansi kakhulu, kepha ngeke kube nezinkinga ngekhwalithi yokupholisa kweprosesa.
Abanye abapholile bangashintsha ijubane labalandeli ngokuzenzakalela, ngokuya ngomthwalo wamanje kuma-CPU cores. Uma ukhetha uhlelo olunjalo lokupholisa, bese uthola ukuthi i-motherboard yakho isekela ukulawulwa kwesivinini ngokusebenzisa isilawuli esikhethekile. Naka ukuba khona kwe-DC ne-PWM izixhumi kubhodi yomama. Isixhumi esidingekayo sincike ohlotsheni lokuxhuma - 3-pin noma 4-pin. Abenzi bokupholile bakhombisa ngokuchazayo isixhumi lapho ukuxhumana kwebhodi lomgwaqo kuzokwenzeka khona.
Emikhombweni ebekiwe yabopholi, babhala nento ebizwa ngokuthi yi- "Airflow", ekalwa ku-CFM (izinyawo zama-cubic ngomzuzu). Isikhombo lesi siphakeme, yilapho kusebenza kahle kakhulu umsebenzi opholile nomsebenzi wawo, kepha izinga lomsindo likhuphuka ngokwengeziwe. Eqinisweni, le nkomba icishe ifane nenombolo yezinguquko.
Khwela kubhodi yomama
Ama-coolers amancane noma aphakathi nendawo afakwe ikakhulukazi ngama-latches akhethekile noma ngezikulufo ezincane, okugwema izinkinga eziningi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunamathiselwe imiyalo enemininingwane, lapho kubhalwe ukuthi ungayilungisa kanjani nokuthi yiziphi izikulufa ongazisebenzisa kulokhu.
Izinto zizoba nzima ngokwengeziwe ngamamodeli adinga ukufakwa okuqinisiwe, njengoba kulokhu, ibhodi lomama necala lekhompyutha kufanele zibe nobukhulu obudingekayo ukufaka isisekelo noma uzimele olukhethekile ngemuva kwebhodi lomama. Endabeni yokugcina, icala lekhompiyutha akufanele libe nendawo eyanele yamahhala, kodwa futhi likhefu elikhethekile noma iwindi elikuvumela ukuthi ufake indawo epholile enkulu ngaphandle kwezinkinga.
Esimeni sohlelo olukhulu lokupholisa, izindlela onokuthi ulufake ngalo nokuthi uzolifaka kanjani kuye ngesisekelo socket. Ezimweni eziningi, lokhu kuzoba izitshudeni ezikhethekile.
Ngaphambi kokufaka okubandayo, iprosesa izodinga ukugcotshwa ngamafutha aphambili ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Uma ngabe kunesendlalelo sokunamathisela phezu kwawo, bese usikhipha nge-cotton swab noma ngediski ecijwe ngotshwala bese ufaka ungqimba omusha wokunameka okushisayo. Abanye abakhiqizi abapholile babeka igrisi eshisayo ekhishini nepholile. Uma kunamathiselwe okunjalo, bese ukusisebenzisa; uma kungenjalo, zithenge ngokwakho. Akunasidingo sokugcina kuleli phuzu, kungcono ukuthenga ithubhu yokunameka okunamafutha aphezulu, lapho kusazoba khona ibhulashi ekhethekile yokufaka isicelo. Amafutha ashibhile kakhulu ahlala isikhathi eside futhi ahlinzeka ngokupholisa kangcono kweprosesa.
Isifundo: Faka isicelo sokunamathisela okushisayo ku-processor
Uhlu lwabakhiqizi abadumile
Izinkampani ezilandelayo zithandwa kakhulu ezimakethe zaseRussia nakwamanye amazwe:
- INoctua yinkampani yase-Austria ekhiqiza amasistimu omoya wezinto ezipholisa amakhompyutha, kusuka kumakhompyutha amakhulu e-server ukuya kumadivayisi amancane awomuntu. Imikhiqizo yalo mkhiqizi isebenza kahle kakhulu futhi ingumsindo ophansi, kepha ngasikhathi sinye iyabiza. Inkampani inikeza isiqinisekiso sezinyanga ezingama-72 zayo yonke imikhiqizo yayo;
- I-Scythe ilingana neJapan yeNoctua. Umehluko kuphela ovela emiqhudelwaneni yase-Austrian intengo ephansi yemikhiqizo nokuntuleka kwesiqinisekiso sezinyanga ezingama-72. Isikhathi sewaranti esivamile siyahluka phakathi kwezinyanga eziyi-12- hem;
- I-Thermalright ingumkhiqizi waseTaiwan wezinhlelo zokupholisa. Iphinde ibhekise ikakhulukazi kusengxenyeni ephezulu yamanani. Kodwa-ke, imikhiqizo yalo mkhiqizi ithandwa kakhulu eRussia nase-CIS, njengoba intengo iphansi, futhi ikhwalithi ayimibi kangako kunabakhiqizi ababili bangaphambili;
- I-Cooler Master ne-Thermaltake ngabakhiqizi ababili baseTaiwan abasebenza ngokukhethekile emikhakheni ehlukahlukene yekhompyutha. Ngokuyisisekelo, lezi yizinhlelo zokupholisa namandla kagesi. Imikhiqizo evela kulezi zinkampani ihlukaniswa ngesilinganiso esihle sentengo / ikhwalithi yesilinganiso. Iningi lezakhi ezenziwayo lingelesigaba samanani aphakathi;
- UZalman ungumkhiqizi waseKorea wezinhlelo zokupholisa, othembela ekungabinakho konke kwemikhiqizo yakhona, ngenxa yokuthi ukusebenza kahle kokupholisa kuhlupheka kancane. Imikhiqizo yale nkampani ilungele ama-processor okupholisa wamandla aphakathi;
- I-DeepCool ingumkhiqizi waseChinese wezakhi zamakhompiyutha ezingabizi, ezifana namacala, izinsiza zamandla, izinto ezipholile, izesekeli ezincane. Ngenxa yokushibhile, ikhwalithi ingahlupheka. Inkampani ikhiqiza okupholile kuzo zombili izin processor ezinamandla nezibuthakathaka ngamanani aphansi;
- I-GlacialTech - ikhiqiza amanye apholile kakhulu ashibhile, noma kunjalo, imikhiqizo yawo ingekhwalithi embi futhi ilungele kuphela amaprosesa wamandla aphansi.
Futhi, lapho uthenga opholile, ungakhohlwa ukucacisa ukutholakala kwesiqinisekiso. Isikhathi esincane sewaranti kufanele okungenani sibe izinyanga eziyi-12 kusukela ngosuku lokuthenga. Ukwazi zonke izici zezimpawu zokupholisa ekhompyutheni, ngeke kube nzima kuwe ukwenza isinqumo esifanele.
